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Bilingualism increases neural response consistency and attentional control: Evidence for sensory and cognitive coupling
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Neural processing of speech in children is influenced by bilingual experience
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Abstract:
Language experience fine-tunes how the auditory system processes sound. For example, bilinguals, relative to monolinguals, have more robust evoked responses to speech that manifest as stronger neural encoding of the fundamental frequency (F0) and greater across-trial consistency. However, it is unknown whether such enhancements increase with increasing second language experience. We predict that F0 amplitude and neural consistency scale with dual-language experience during childhood, such that more years of bilingual experience leads to more robust F0 encoding and greater neural consistency. To test this hypothesis, we recorded auditory brainstem responses to the synthesized syllables ‘ba’ and ‘ga’ in two groups of bilingual children who were matched for age at test (8.4+/−0.67 years) but differed in their age of second language acquisition. One group learned English and Spanish simultaneously from birth (n=13), while the second group learned the two languages sequentially (n=15), spending on average their first four years as monolingual Spanish speakers. We find that simultaneous bilinguals have a larger F0 response to ‘ba’ and ‘ga’ and a more consistent response to ‘ba’ compared to sequential bilinguals. We also demonstrate that these neural enhancements positively relate with years of bilingual experience. These findings support the notion that bilingualism enhances subcortical auditory processing.
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Article
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URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25445377 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2014.11.011 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4272867/
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Musicians' Enhanced Neural Differentiation of Speech Sounds Arises Early in Life: Developmental Evidence from Ages 3 to 30
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Beat synchronization predicts neural speech encoding and reading readiness in preschoolers
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Auditory learning through active engagement with sound: biological impact of community music lessons in at-risk children
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Engagement in community music classes sparks neuroplasticity and language development in children from disadvantaged backgrounds
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Longitudinal Effects of Group Music Instruction on Literacy Skills in Low-Income Children
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Auditory-motor entrainment and phonological skills: precise auditory timing hypothesis (PATH)
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