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Working memory in children with learning disabilities in reading versus spelling. Searching for overlapping and specific cognitive factors
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In: Journal of Learning Disabilities 48 (2015) 6, S. 622-634 (2015)
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Abstract:
In transparent orthographies like German, isolated learning disabilities in either reading or spelling are common and occur as often as a combined reading and spelling disability. However, most issues surrounding the cognitive causes of these isolated or combined literacy difficulties are yet unresolved. Recently, working memory dysfunctions have been demonstrated to be promising in explaining the emergence of literacy difficulties. Thus, we applied a 2 (reading disability: yes vs. no) × 2 (spelling disability: yes vs. no) factorial design to examine distinct and overlapping working memory profiles associated with learning disabilities in reading versus spelling. Working memory was assessed in 204 third graders, and multivariate analyses of variance were conducted for each working memory component. Children with spelling disability suffered from more pronounced phonological loop impairments than those with reading disability. In contrast, domain-general central-executive dysfunctions were solely associated with reading disability, but not with spelling disability. Concerning the visuospatial sketchpad, no impairments were found. In sum, children with reading disability and those with spelling disability seem to be characterized by different working memory profiles. Thus, it is important to take both reading and spelling into account when investigating cognitive factors of literacy difficulties in transparent orthographies.
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Keyword:
Arbeitsgedächtnis; Cognitive competence; ddc:370; Deutsch; Deutschland; Dyslexia; Dysorthography; Education; Empirical study; Empirische Bildungsforschung; Empirische Untersuchung; Erziehung; German language; Germany; Grundschüler; Kognitive Kompetenz; Learning Difficulties; Learning Difficulty; Learning disorder; Legasthenia; Legasthenie; Lernschwierigkeit; Lesestörung; Multivariate Analyse; Multivariate analysis; Rechtschreibschwäche; Rechtschreibung; School year 03; Schul- und Bildungswesen; Schuljahr 03; Test
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URL: https://www.pedocs.de/volltexte/2017/13989/ https://www.pedocs.de/volltexte/2017/13989/pdf/0022219414521665_A.pdf http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-139898
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Long-term effects of a parent- based language intervention on language outcomes and working memory for late-talking toddlers
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In: Journal of Early Intervention 37 (2015) 3, S. 175-189 (2015)
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Sprache. Schlüssel früher Bildung [Interview]
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In: Sprache, Stimme, Gehör 39 (2015) 2, S. 93 (2015)
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Working memory functioning in children with poor mathematical skills. Relationships to IQ-achievement discrepancy and additional reading and spelling difficulties
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In: Zeitschrift für Psychologie 223 (2015) 2, S. 83-92 (2015)
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Differentiation of competence and affect self-perceptions in elementary school students. Extending empirical evidence
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In: European journal of psychology of education 30 (2015) 4, S. 405-419 (2015)
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Die Entwicklung des akademischen Selbstkonzeptes bei Grundschulkindern mit Lernschwierigkeiten
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In: Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft 18 (2015) 3, S. 513-526 (2015)
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In search of methods enhancing fluency in reading. An examination of the relations between time constraints and processes of reading in readers of German
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In: Journal of experimental child psychology 140 (2015), S. 140-157 (2015)
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