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Cortical Activation Patterns Correlate with Speech Understanding After Cochlear Implantation.
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In: Ear and hearing, vol 37, iss 3 (2016)
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Implicit socioemotional modulation of working memory brain activity in schizophrenia
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In: Bolden, Khalima Alicia. (2016). Implicit socioemotional modulation of working memory brain activity in schizophrenia. UC San Diego: Psychology. Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/56w1n089 (2016)
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Increased subcortical neural activity among HIV+ individuals during a lexical retrieval task.
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In: Neurobiology of disease, vol 92, iss Pt B (2016)
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Abstract:
BackgroundDeficits in lexical retrieval, present in approximately 40% of HIV+ patients, are thought to reflect disruptions to frontal-striatal functions and may worsen with immunosuppression. Coupling frontal-striatal tasks such as lexical retrieval with functional neuroimaging may help delineate the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying HIV-associated neurological dysfunction.ObjectiveWe examined whether HIV infection confers brain functional changes during lexical access and retrieval. It was expected that HIV+ individuals would demonstrate greater brain activity in frontal-subcortical regions despite minimal differences between groups on neuropsychological testing. Within the HIV+ sample, we examined associations between indices of immunosuppression (recent and nadir CD4+ count) and task-related signal change in frontostriatal structures. Method16 HIV+ participants and 12 HIV- controls underwent fMRI while engaged in phonemic/letter and semantic fluency tasks. Participants also completed standardized measures of verbal fluencyResultsHIV status groups performed similarly on phonemic and semantic fluency tasks prior to being scanned. fMRI results demonstrated activation differences during the phonemic fluency task as a function of HIV status, with HIV+ individuals demonstrating significantly greater activation in BG structures than HIV- individuals. There were no significant differences in frontal brain activation between HIV status groups during the phonemic fluency task, nor were there significant brain activation differences during the semantic fluency task. Within the HIV+ group, current CD4+ count, though not nadir, was positively correlated with increased activity in the inferior frontal gyrus and basal ganglia.ConclusionDuring phonemic fluency performance, HIV+ patients recruit subcortical structures to a greater degree than HIV- controls despite similar task performances suggesting that fMRI may be sensitive to neurocompromise before overt cognitive declines can be detected. Among HIV+ individuals, reduced activity in the frontal-subcortical structures was associated with lower CD4+ count.
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Keyword:
Brain; Brain Mapping; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Clinical Sciences; Female; HIV; HIV Infections; Humans; Immunosuppression; Lexical retrieval; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Neuroimaging; Neurology & Neurosurgery; Neuropsychological Tests; Neurosciences; Oxygen; Phonetics; Semantics; Speech; Verbal fluency
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URL: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7bw1652p
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Shared temporoparietal dysfunction in dyslexia and typical readers with discrepantly high IQ.
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In: Trends in neuroscience and education, vol 5, iss 4 (2016)
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Neuroimaging techniques. ; Techniques de neuro-imagerie
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In: Traité De Neurolinguistique. Du cerveau au langage. ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03207670 ; Serge Pinto & Marc Sato. Traité De Neurolinguistique. Du cerveau au langage., 4, De Boeck Supérieur, pp.45-63, 2016 ; www.deboecksuperieur.com (2016)
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Age of Onset and Duration of Deafness Drive Brain Organization for Biological Motion Perception in Non-Signers
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The Brain’s Structural and Functional Relationships with Language Ability in Preschool Children ...
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Functional Anatomy of Recognition of Chinese Multi-Character Words: Convergent Evidence from Effects of Transposable Nonwords, Lexicality, and Word Frequency
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The Yin and the Yang of Prediction: An fMRI Study of Semantic Predictive Processing
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The hearing ear is always found close to the speaking tongue: Review of the role of the motor system in speech perception
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Neuroimaging of phonetic perception in bilinguals
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In: ISSN: 1366-7289 ; Bilingualism, Vol. 19, No 4 (2016) (2016)
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Neural Control of Tongue Movements Across Effort Levels
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In: UCARE Research Products (2016)
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Transcranial direct current stimulation effects on neural processing in post-stroke aphasia
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Neurophysiological Markers of Language Recovery in Subacute Stroke
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Roxbury, Tracy. - : The University of Queensland, School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, 2016
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