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Quantifying written ambiguities in tone languages: A comparative study of Elip, Mbelime, and Eastern Dan
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In: ISSN: 1934-5275 ; EISSN: 1934-5275 ; Language Documentation & Conservation ; https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02482214 ; Language Documentation & Conservation, University of Hawaiʻi Press 2020, 14, pp.108-138 ; https://uhpress.hawaii.edu/product/ldc/ (2020)
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Intonation systems across varieties of English
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In: The Oxford Handbook of Language Prosody ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03132888 ; The Oxford Handbook of Language Prosody, 2020, 9780198832232 (2020)
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Mandarin Lexical Tones: A Corpus-Based Study of Word Length, Syllable Position and Prosodic Position on Duration
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In: Interspeech 2020 ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03153402 ; Interspeech 2020, Oct 2020, Shanghai, China. pp.1908-1912, ⟨10.21437/Interspeech.2020-1614⟩ (2020)
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Prosodic systems: Mainland Southeast Asia
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In: Oxford Handbook of Language Prosody ; https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01617182 ; Carlos Gussenhoven; Aoju Chen. Oxford Handbook of Language Prosody, Oxford University Press, 2020 (2020)
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Segmental and suprasegmental features of Brokpa
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In: Himalayan Linguistics, vol 19, iss 1 (2020)
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Syllable duration in Tai Phake: The interaction between vowel length and tone length
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In: Himalayan Linguistics, vol 19, iss 2 (2020)
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A grammar of Abawiri, a Lakes Plain language of Papua, Indonesia
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A preliminary phonology of Brokpa
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In: Himalayan Linguistics, vol 19, iss 1 (2020)
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A grammar and lexicon of Kam (àŋwɔ̀m), a Niger-Congo language of central eastern Nigeria ; Analyse grammaticale et lexique du kam, une langue Niger-Congo du centre-est du Nigeria
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In: https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03004919 ; Linguistics. Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales- INALCO PARIS - LANGUES O', 2020. English. ⟨NNT : 2020INAL0008⟩ (2020)
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The internal reconstruction of Bena-Yungur consonants and tone patterns
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In: ISSN: 2686-8946 ; Language in Africa ; https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-03088857 ; Language in Africa, Russian Academy of Science, 2020, 1, pp.100 - 124. ⟨10.37892/2686-8946-2020-1-3-100-124⟩ (2020)
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Resonant Voices in Songs. Physiological and Accoustic Aspects ; La voix timbrée dans les chansons: considérations physiologiques et acoustiques
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In: ISSN: 1634-5495 ; EISSN: 1950-568X ; Volume ! La revue des musiques populaires ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03081189 ; Volume ! La revue des musiques populaires, Editions Mélanie Seteun 2020, 162-171 (1), pp.49-61. ⟨10.4000/volume.8063⟩ (2020)
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'The Auditive Intelligence': Intonation in Henry James ...
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Lello, James. - : Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, 2020
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A grammar and lexicon of Kam (àŋwɔ̀m), a Niger-Congo language of central eastern Nigeria ; Analyse grammaticale et lexique du kam, une langue Niger-Congo du centre-est du Nigeria
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In: https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03004919 ; Linguistics. Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales- INALCO PARIS - LANGUES O', 2020. English. ⟨NNT : 2020INAL0008⟩ (2020)
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| 14 |
Quantifying written ambiguities in tone languages: A comparative study of Elip, Mbelime, and Eastern Dan
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In: ISSN: 1934-5275 ; EISSN: 1934-5275 ; Language Documentation & Conservation ; https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02482214 ; Language Documentation & Conservation, University of Hawaiʻi Press 2020, 14, pp.108-138 ; https://uhpress.hawaii.edu/product/ldc/ (2020)
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Abstract:
International audience ; Whether tone should be represented in writing, and if so how much, is one of the most formidable challenges facing those developing orthographies for tone languages. Various researchers have attempted to quantify the level of written ambiguity in a language if tone is not marked, but these contributions are not easily comparable because they use different measurement criteria. This article presents a first attempt to develop a standardized instrument and evaluate its potential. The method is exemplified using four narrative texts translated into Elip, Mbelime, and Eastern Dan. It lists all distinct written word forms that are homographs if tone is not marked, discarding repeated words, homophony, and polysemy, as well as pairs that never share the same syntactic slot. It treats lexical and grammatical tone separately, while acknowledging that these two functions often coincide. The results show that the level of written ambiguity in Elip is weighted towards the grammar, while in Mbelime many ambiguities occur at the point where lexical and grammatical tone coincide. As for Eastern Dan, with its profusion of nominal and verbal minimal pairs, not to mention pronouns, case markers, predicative markers, and other parts of speech, the level of written ambiguity if tone is not marked is by far the highest of the three languages. The article ends with some suggestions of how the methodology might be refined, by reporting some experimental data that provide only limited proof of the need to mark tone fully, and by describing how full tone marking has survived recent spelling reforms in all three languages.
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Keyword:
[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics; African languages; tone
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URL: https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02482214/document
https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02482214
https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02482214/file/2020roberts_et_al-quantifying_written_ambiguities.pdf
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Предпосылки к анализу китайской камерно-вокальной музыки ХХ века ... : Prerequisites for Analysis of Chinese Chamber and Vocal Music in the 20th Century ...
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Ли, С.. - : ООО «Книжный дом», 2020
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Audio data from thesis Perception and Production of Nanning Mandarin Fourth Tone ...
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Audio data from thesis Perception and Production of Nanning Mandarin Fourth Tone ...
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Romancing with tone: On the outcomes of prosodic contact (sound files and pitch contours) ...
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