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Planning, Programming, and Budgeting System (PPBS)/Multi-year Programming: Reading Guide
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In: DTIC (2010)
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Deterrence from Cold War to Long War: Lessons from Six Decades of RAND Research
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In: DTIC (2008)
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Educing Information - Interrogation: Science and Art, Foundations for the Future
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In: DTIC (2006)
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Information Visualization: The State of the Art for Maritime Domain Awareness
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In: DTIC (2006)
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Formulating and Reasoning about Security Policies
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (2004)
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Software Sciences and Engineering Research
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (2000)
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A Survey of Current Paradigms in Machine Translation
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In: DTIC (1998)
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Abstract:
This paper is a survey of machine translation (MT) research from the United States, Europe, and Japan. A short history of machine translation is presented, followed by an overview of current research and representative examples of a wide range of different approaches adopted by machine translation researchers. These examples are described in detail along with a discussion of the practicalities of scaling up such approaches for operational environments. In support of this discussion, issues in, and techniques for, evaluating machine translation systems are discussed. While a number of MT surveys have been published, this one discusses a wide range of current research issues in light of results obtained from a survey and evaluation project conducted by Mitre. During this project, Mitre evaluated 16 MT systems and also studied 7 U.S. MT systems. Because a number of innovative MT approaches have surfaced since the completion of the Mitre study, the authors also include discussions of more recent research paradigms. Section 2 provides a brief description of the history of MT. Section 3 discusses the types of challenges (both linguistic and operational) that one must consider in developing a MT system. Section 4 describes three architectural designs that are used for MT. Following this is a comparison of translation systems along the axis of research paradigms (section 5); these include linguistic, nonlinguistic, and hybrid approaches. Section 6 is a discussion of the challenges of evaluating a MT system, and some approaches to doing so. A 233-item bibliography is included. ; Prepared in cooperation with the Intelligent Systems Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA and Mitre Corporation, Artificial Intelligence Center, McLean, VA. Report no. CS-TR-3961.
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Keyword:
*ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE; *COMPUTER PROGRAMS; *MACHINE TRANSLATION; *NATURAL LANGUAGE; *SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH; *SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE; ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN; BIBLIOGRAPHIES; CATEGORIAL DIVERGENCE; Computer Programming and Software; CONFLATIONAL DIVERGENCE; CONTEXTUAL AMBIGUITY; Cybernetics; DEFICIENCIES; DESIGN CRITERIA; EUROPE; HISTORY; HYBRID SYSTEMS; JAPAN; LEXICAL AMBIGUITY; LIMITATIONS; Linguistics; LITERATURE SURVEYS; NEURAL NETS; SEMANTIC AMBIGUITY; SEMANTICS; STRUCTURAL DIVERGENCE; SYNTACTIC AMBIGUITY; SYNTAX; TENSE GENERATION; TEST AND EVALUATION; THEMATIC DIVERGENCE; UNITED STATES
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URL: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA455393
http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA455393
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| 10 |
Communicative Arts: A Selected Bibliography
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1993)
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| 12 |
Communicative Skills: A Selected Bibliography
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1990)
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| 13 |
U. S. Army War College Library Communicative Skills: A Selected Bibliography
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1989)
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U.S. Army War College Library Communicative Skills: A Selected Bibliography.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1987)
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Intelligence/Electronic Warfare (IEW) Direction Finding and Fix Estimation Analysis Report. Volume 3. Guardrail
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1986)
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An Assessment of Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems Technology for Application to Management of Cockpit Systems.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1986)
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| 18 |
Status Report on Speech Research. A Report on the Status and Progress of Studies on the Nature of Speech, Instrumentation for Its Investigation, and Practical Applications.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1985)
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A Synthesis of Research on Color, Typography, and Graphics as they Relate to Readability.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1985)
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Status Report on Speech Research. A Report on the Status and Progress of Studies on the Nature of Speech, Instrumentation for Its Investigation, and Practical Applications.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1984)
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