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1
Indicatives, subjunctives, and the falsity of the antecedent
Abstract: It is widely held that there are important differences between indicative conditionals (e.g. “If the authors are linguists, they have written a linguistics paper”) and subjunctive conditionals (e.g. “If the authors had been linguists, they would have written a linguistics paper”). A central difference is that indicatives and subjunctives convey different stances towards the truth of their antecedents. Indicatives (often) convey neutrality: for example, about whether the authors in question are linguists. Subjunctives (often) convey the falsity of the antecedent: for example, that the authors in question are not linguists. This paper tests prominent accounts of how these different stances are conveyed: whether by presupposition or conversational implicature. Experiment 1 tests the presupposition account by investigating whether the stances project – remain constant – when embedded under operators like negations, possibility modals, and interrogatives, a key characteristic of presuppositions. Experiment 2 tests the conversational-implicature account by investigating whether the stances can be cancelled without producing a contradiction, a key characteristic of implicatures. The results provide evidence that both stances – neutrality about the antecedent in indicatives and the falsity of the antecedent in subjunctives – are conveyed by conversational implicatures.
Keyword: BF Psychology; P Philology. Linguistics
URL: http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/34006/
http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/34006/1/34006_COLLINS_Indicatives_subjunctives_and_the_falsity.pdf
https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.13058
http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/34006/7/34006_COLLINS_Indicatives_subjunctives_and_the_falsity_%28OA%29.pdf
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2
Conditionals and testimony
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3
Communicating and reasoning with verbal probability expressions
Collins, Peter; Hahn, Ulrike. - : Academic Press, 2018
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4
Linguistic change in a multilingual setting : a case study of quotatives in Indian English
Davydova, Julia. - : Benjamins, 2015
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5
Relative clauses in Australian English: a cross-varietal diachronic study
Collins, Peter. - : University of Melbourne, 2014
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6
The Present Perfect in English: Meaning, Interpretation and Use
Yao, Xinyue, Languages & Linguistics, Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences, UNSW. - : University of New South Wales. Languages & Linguistics, 2014
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7
Colloquial Australian English
Peters, Pam; Collins, Peter. - : Berlin : de Gruyter Mouton, 2012
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8
Cooperation, innovation and the competitiveness of Chinese enterprise clusters
Li, Shuai Shuai, Languages & Linguistics, Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences, UNSW. - : University of New South Wales. Languages & Linguistics, 2011
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9
“Aspects of Pronunciation in Five Varieties of English”
Travers, Rebecca Jayne, Languages & Linguistics, Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences, UNSW. - : University of New South Wales. Languages & Linguistics, 2010
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10
Comparative studies in Australian and New Zealand English : grammar and beyond
Peters, Pam; Collins, Peter; Smith, Adam. - : Amsterdam : John Benjamins, 2009
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11
The use of articles in inner and outer circle varieties of English: a comparative corpus-based study
Wahid, Ridwan, Languages & Linguistics, Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences, UNSW. - : University of New South Wales. Languages & Linguistics, 2009
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12
Mobilising action through management email texts: the negotiation of evaluative stance through choices in discourse and grammar
Wee, Constance Wei-Ling, Languages & Linguistics, Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences, UNSW. - : University of New South Wales. Languages & Linguistics, 2009
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13
An introduction to language
Fromkin, Victoria; Rodman, Robert; Hyams, Nina. - : Cengage Learning, 2009
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14
From chairman to chairwoman to chairperson: exploring the move from sexist usages to gender neutrality
Holmes, J.; Sigley, Robert J.; Terraschke, Agnes. - : John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2009
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15
Can and may: Monosemy or polysemy?
Collins, Peter C.. - : School of English, Media & Art History, University of Queensland, 2007
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16
Exclamative Clauses: A Corpus-based Account
Collins, Peter. - 2005
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17
Australian English : morphology and syntax
Collins, Peter; Peters, Pam. - : Berlin, 2004. : New York : Mouton de Gruyter, 2004
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18
Syntactic Constraints in a 'Free Word Order' Language
Laughren, Mary. - : Praeger Publishers, 2002
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19
English in Australia
Blair, David; Collins, Peter. - : Amsterdam, The Netherlands : John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2001
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20
Functional and structural: The practicalities of clause knowledge in language education
Wales, M. L.. - : John Benjamins, 1999
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