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Donauperlen. Beiträge zur deutschen Sprache und Kultur in Bessarabien, Dobrudscha und Schwarzmeerraum
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An overview of valence-changing constructions in North-Western South-Central (Trans-Himalayan)
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Gacs, Luca. - : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2022
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Mennonite Low German in contact with Spanish and Standard German in Paraguay and Mexico: A corpus-based analysis of morphological, syntactic and lexical features
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Classifying user information needs in cooking dialogues – an empirical performance evaluation of transformer networks
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Tense and Aspect in Pangwa: Temporal Relations in a Tanzanian Bantu Language
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Towards the Analysis of Fan Fictions in German Language: Exploration of a Corpus from the Platform Archive of Our Own
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Morphosyntactic Reflexes of Irish in Irish English: A corpus-based study on their distribution across registers
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Deutsch in der Ukraine. Geschichte, Gegenwart und zukünftige Potentiale
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Exploring Online Depression Forums via Text Mining: A Comparison of Reddit and a Curated Online Forum
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Untersuchungen zur Wortgeographie Nordostbayerns - Sprachatlas und dialektometrische Studie zum Einfluss der Konfessionszugehörigkeit auf die Lexik
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Comparing Live Sentiment Annotation of Movies via Arduino and a Slider with Textual Annotation of Subtitles
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Using Deep Learning for Emotion Analysis of 18th and 19th Century German Plays
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Lexicon-based Sentiment Analysis in German: Systematic Evaluation of Resources and Preprocessing Techniques
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Deutsch in der Ukraine. Geschichte, Gegenwart und zukünftige Potentiale
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Sprachatlas von Nordostbayern: Band 2. Lautgeographie II. Langvokalismus und Konsonantismus
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Language variation in South Africa: A sociophonetic study of the vowel system of Black South African English
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Abstract:
The core of this work is a sociophonetic examination of the vowel system of Black South African English (BSAE), the most spoken English variety in South Africa. BSAE is defined as the second language variety of speakers whose mother tongue is one of the Bantu languages indigenous to South Africa. It is characterised by a five-vowel system as a result of the transfer of linguistic properties from the indigenous languages. Apart from that, the effects of racial segregation formed a relatively homogeneous variety. In the early 1990s, a political transformation took place, which led to the abolishment of apartheid. In a more liberal sociopolitical climate allowing interactions between people of different ethnicities, an English sub-variety within BSAE has emerged whose phonology differs markedly from older forms. The present work documents the phonology of stressed monophthongs of post-apartheid BSAE as realised by a socially stratified sample of 44 speakers of different age groups. It was assumed that young speakers would differ significantly in their pronunciation from other participants. Data collection took place in South Africa in 2013. The sample consisted of 21 females and 23 males. The participants were divided into three age groups named young N=20), middle (N=17) and older (N=7). They were audio-recorded in three speech styles with different degrees of formality: interview style (IN), reading style (ReP) and wordlist/citation style (WL). This setup was employed to determine the number of distinct vowels of BSAE, to determine durational differences between prescriptively tense and lax vowels and to investigate the possible influence of linguistic and social factors on the variation in BSAE. Around 14,000 tokens of Lobanov-normalised formant values were extracted and subjected to descriptive and analytical statistics. Each vowel cluster was analysed for the frequency of the formants F1 and F2 and for vowel duration. Vowel overlap was calculated with the Bhattacharyya coefficient and the Pillai score. Vowel length was compared by normalised vowel duration. The regression analysis was carried out with linear mixed effects models. Random factors in each regression run were speaker and word label. The fixed factors, i.e. the variables examined, were phoneme/lexical set, phonological context, spelling, speech style, vowels in L1 language family, gender and age group. The fixed factors can be divided into linguistic factors (phoneme, phonological context, spelling, speech style and number of vowels in L1) and social factors (gender and age group). Regarding vowel quality, the fixed factors were phoneme (selection according to the vowel cluster), spelling (for the analysis of NURSE, STRUT and FOOT), speech style (IN, ReP, WL), number of vowels in L1 (5, 7), gender (male, female), age group (young, middle, older) and phonological context. The factor phonological context was divided into prevocalic context and adjacent context. The prevocalic context included the variants coronals and non-coronals. For the analysis of GOOSE, the variant J-words was added. The analysis of KIT contained the variable adjacent context with the variants high front and centralised. Regarding vowel duration, the fixed factors were those above. Again, of the preceding context, the variants coronals and non-coronals were always included as well as J-words for the analysis of goose. Apart from that, following voicing (voiced, voiceless, pause/gap) and following manner (fricative, plosive, affricate, pause/gap) were added. The variable number of vowels in L1 was excluded. Across all variables, the results show a general presence of the tense/lax distinction. Of the linguistic variables, speech style was the most decisive, showing that most participants differentiated between formal style (WL) on the one hand and less formal (ReP) and casual style (IN) on the other. The number of vowels in L1 showed no significant results whatsoever. The social variable age group had the biggest influence on both vowel quality and quantity. The young age group differed significantly from the middle and older group. The young speakers showed also the greatest variation ranging from complete vowel overlap to clear vowel distinction. The social variable gender rarely yielded significant results. The KIT split, mainly reported for White South African English (WSAE), was performed by speakers of all age groups and genders. Young speakers and females, however, showed a higher degree of KIT split compared to the middle and older age group and males. The same applies to GOOSE fronting. Formerly an exclusive feature of WSAE, it could be observed in all age groups and genders but with the young and females ahead of their counterparts. A closer look at the young group, however, showed that there were only six speakers responsible for this outcome. They employed an acrolectal inventory of eleven vowels. The remaining 14 young speakers along with all speakers of the middle and older age group formed the subsample of mesolectal speakers and exhibited a five-vowel system plus one emerging vowel. It can be concluded that in the mesolect, where all three age groups are represented, the phonemes are stable in apparent time. It can also be concluded that educated BSAE is majorly mesolectal. Finally, although only a small number of young speakers differed from all other participants, it is proposed that the emergence of a new form of BSAE is due to the new political order of an unsegregated South African society.
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Keyword:
400 Sprachwissenschaft; 420 Englisch; ddc:400; ddc:420; Linguistik
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URL: https://epub.uni-regensburg.de/45646/ https://epub.uni-regensburg.de/45646/1/Dissertation_Cornelia_Neubert_15092020.pdf
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Backchannels in Functional Discourse Grammar: A discussion of the device and its implementation into the theory of Functional Discourse Grammar
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Gesprächskompetenzförderung in Bewerbungsrollenspielen - Konzeption, Implementierung und Evaluation strategiegestützter Trainings diskursiver Fähigkeiten
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Towards a Corpus of Historical German Plays with Emotion Annotations
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