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Parental Perceptions and Decisions Regarding Maintaining Bilingualism in Autism. ...
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Influence of encoding difficulty, word frequency, and phonological regularity on age differences in word naming.
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Abstract:
It is presently unclear as to why older adults take longer than younger adults to recognize visually presented words. To examine this issue in more detail, the authors conducted two word-naming studies (Experiment 1: 20 older adults and 20 younger adults; Experiment 2: 60 older adults and 60 younger adults) to determine the relative effects of orthographic encoding (case type), lexical access (word frequency), and phonological regularity (regular vs. irregular phonology). The hypothesis was that older adults attempt to compensate for sensory and motor slowing by using progressively larger perceptual units (holistic encoding). However, if forced to use smaller perceptual units (e.g., by using mixed-case presentation), it was predicted that older adults would be particularly challenged. Older adults did show larger case-mixing effects than younger adults (suggesting that older adults' performances were especially poor when they were forced to use smaller perceptual units), but there were no age differences in word frequency or phonological regularity even though both age groups showed main effects for these variables. These results suggest that lexical access skill remains stable in the addressed (orthographic/semantic) and assembled (phonological) routes over the life span, but that older adults slow down in recognizing words because it takes them longer to normalize (perceptually "clean up") noisier sensory information.
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Keyword:
80 and over; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aging; Attention; Comprehension; Educational Status; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pattern Recognition; Phonetics; Psychology; Reaction Time; Reading; Recognition; Semantics; Verbal Behavior; Verbal Learning; Visual; Vocabulary; Young Adult
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URL: https://hdl.handle.net/10161/22543
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Age-related differences in the neural bases of phonological and semantic processes.
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Parental Perceptions and Decisions Regarding Maintaining Bilingualism in Autism.
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DYT-TUBB4A (DYT4 Dystonia): New Clinical and Genetic Observations.
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In: Neurology, vol. 96, no. 14, pp. e1887-e1897 (2021)
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Prostate-Specimen Antigen (PSA) Screening and Shared Decision Making Among Deaf and Hearing Male Patients.
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In: Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education, vol 35, iss 1 (2020)
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Effect of voicing and articulation manner on aerosol particle emission during human speech.
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In: PloS one, vol 15, iss 1 (2020)
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Health comorbidities and cognitive abilities across the lifespan in Down syndrome. ...
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Rapid computations of spectrotemporal prediction error support perception of degraded speech. ...
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Role of maternal age at birth in child development among Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australian children in their first school year: a population-based cohort study
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Health comorbidities and cognitive abilities across the lifespan in Down syndrome.
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Nonnative implicit phonetic training in multiple reverberant environments.
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In: Attention, perception & psychophysics, vol 81, iss 4 (2019)
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Promotion of Healthy Humor Cancer Education Messages for the Deaf Community.
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In: Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education, vol 34, iss 2 (2019)
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Children's biobehavioral reactivity to challenge predicts DNA methylation in adolescence and emerging adulthood.
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In: Developmental science, vol 22, iss 2 (2019)
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Time Points: A Gestural Study of the Development of Space-Time Mappings.
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In: Cognitive science, vol 43, iss 12 (2019)
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STXBP1-associated neurodevelopmental disorder: a comparative study of behavioural characteristics. ...
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Memory for prose in Korsakoff and schizophrenic populations.
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The performance of practitioners conducting facial comparisons on images of children across age
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