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Age-related differences in the neural bases of phonological and semantic processes.
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Abstract:
Changes in language functions during normal aging are greater for phonological compared with semantic processes. To investigate the behavioral and neural basis for these age-related differences, we used fMRI to examine younger and older adults who made semantic and phonological decisions about pictures. The behavioral performance of older adults was less accurate and less efficient than younger adults' in the phonological task but did not differ in the semantic task. In the fMRI analyses, the semantic task activated left-hemisphere language regions, and the phonological task activated bilateral cingulate and ventral precuneus. Age-related effects were widespread throughout the brain and most often expressed as greater activation for older adults. Activation was greater for younger compared with older adults in ventral brain regions involved in visual and object processing. Although there was not a significant Age × Condition interaction in the whole-brain fMRI results, correlations examining the relationship between behavior and fMRI activation were stronger for younger compared with older adults. Our results suggest that the relationship between behavior and neural activation declines with age, and this may underlie some of the observed declines in performance.
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Keyword:
Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aging; Analysis of Variance; Brain; Brain Mapping; Computer-Assisted; Cues; Female; Humans; Image Processing; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Oxygen; Perception; Phonetics; Reaction Time; Semantics; Young Adult
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URL: https://hdl.handle.net/10161/22537
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Cross-linguistic Influences on Sentence Accent Detection in Background Noise. ...
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Cross-linguistic Influences on Sentence Accent Detection in Background Noise.
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Control the source: Source memory for semantic, spatial and self-related items in patients with LIFG lesions. ...
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Control the source: Source memory for semantic, spatial and self-related items in patients with LIFG lesions.
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Development and validation of a spectro-temporal processing test for cochlear-implant listeners. ...
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Effects of prosodic and semantic cues on facial emotion recognition in relation to autism-like traits
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Development and validation of a spectro-temporal processing test for cochlear-implant listeners.
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Vocabulary learning benefits from REM after slow-wave sleep.
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In: Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications (2017)
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Sleep-based memory processing facilitates grammatical generalization: Evidence from targeted memory reactivation.
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In: Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications (2017)
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Mistaking minds and machines: How speech affects dehumanization and anthropomorphism.
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In: Journal of experimental psychology. General, vol 145, iss 11 (2016)
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Movement cues aid face recognition in developmental prosopagnosia.
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Effects of a consistent target or masker voice on target speech intelligibility in two- and three-talker mixtures.
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In: Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications (2016)
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Context effects on second-language learning of tonal contrasts.
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Suprasegmental Information Affects Processing of Talking Faces at Birth
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In: Infant Behavior & Development ; https://hal.parisnanterre.fr//hal-01478455 ; Infant Behavior & Development, 2015, 38, pp.11-19. ⟨10.1016/j.infbeh.2014.11.003⟩ (2015)
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Use of emotional cues for lexical learning: a comparison of autism spectrum disorder and fragile X syndrome.
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In: Journal of autism and developmental disorders, vol 45, iss 4 (2015)
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The effects of study task on prestimulus subsequent memory effects in the hippocampus.
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In: Hippocampus, vol 25, iss 11 (2015)
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The dual function of social gaze.
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In: Cognition, vol 136 (2015)
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Deficits in audiovisual speech perception in normal aging emerge at the level of whole-word recognition.
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In: Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications (2015)
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