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On Glasses Half Full or Half Empty. Understanding Framing Effects in Terms of Default Implicatures
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Abstract:
The variations in how subjects respond to positively or negatively framed descriptions of the same issue have received attention from social science research, where, nevertheless, a not fully developed understanding of speech interpretation has undermined the different explanations offered. The present paper explores the semantic-pragmatic side of framing effects and provides an explanation of this phenomenon in terms of a combined effect of pragmatic presuppositions and default implicatures. The paper contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of representations and cognitive processes involved in the framing bias by showing how well-entrenched linguistic practices associated to frame choice, and conducive to an implicit focus, result in default implicatures on the addressee’s side.
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Keyword:
Decision Theory; Evidence; Experimentation; History of Philosophy of Science
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URL: http://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/19213/
http://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/19213/1/HalfFullPreprint.pdf
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