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Diagnose von Sprachbewusstheit und Bildungssprache in der Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerausbildung ... : Evaluation of subject-related language awareness as a diagnostic task in teacher education ...
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Diagnose von Sprachbewusstheit und Bildungssprache in der Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerausbildung ; Evaluation of subject-related language awareness as a diagnostic task in teacher education
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In: Beiträge zur Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung 37 (2019) 1, S. 69-82 (2019)
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Diagnostic accuracy of computer-aided detection and a scoring system for pulmonary tuberculosis in chest radiographs : a validation study from Sub-Saharan Africa
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Abstract:
Background: Chest radiography to diagnose and screen for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) has limitations, especially due to inter-reader variability, absence of reporting standards and a lack of experienced readers in resource-constrained settings. We evalu-ated two efforts to overcome the known drawbacks: a computer-aided diagnosis system (CAD4TB) and a structured reporting and scoring form (TXS). Methods: CAD4TB and TXS performance was assessed on chest radiographs (CXRs) of patients with symptoms suggestive of PTB in Tanzania. Culture-positive PTB was used as the reference standard. Chest radiographs were read by the software and three human readers, two expert readers and one clinical officer. The sensitivity and specifici-ty of CAD4TB and the TXS was depicted using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and results were compared with manual conclusions of human readers. Agree-ment between TXS and manual conclusion, inter- and intra-reader agreement was calcu-lated as weighted kappa agreement (κw). Results: Of 861 study participants, 193 (22%) were culture-positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The area under the ROC curve of CAD4TB for the detection of culture-positive PTB was 0.84 (95% CI 0.80-0.88). CAD4TB detected PTB more accurate in smear-positive over smear-negative and in HIV-negative compared to HIV-positive individuals (p<0.01). CAD4TB outperformed the clinical officer, but did not reach the accuracy of the expert readers for tuberculosis specific reading thresholds (p≤0.03). Inter-expert agreement was substantial (κw=0.67) for the use of the TXS as mere struc-tured reporting form. High values of agreement (κw=0.80 / 0.79) between the experts’ manual and TXS conclusion support the validity of the score. However, the scoring function of the TXS did enhance neither the diagnostic accuracy nor the reproducibility of the human readers. The clinical officer’s accuracy for TB consistent findings and intra-reader agreement deteriorated (κw=0.35 to 0.20) with the use of the score. Conclusion: CAD4TB accurately distinguished between the CXRs of culture-positive TB cases and symptomatic controls without the need for trained reading personnel. The descriptive part of the TXS presents a valuable reporting standard for expert readers and its scoring function makes their CXR interpretation transparent. However, in its current form, its use as a score is of no benefit for expert readers and not recommended for non-expert readers.
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Keyword:
Diagnose; Screening; Tuberkulose
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URL: https://www.freidok.uni-freiburg.de/dnb/download/11108
https://doi.org/10.6094/UNIFR/11108
http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:25-freidok-111080
https://freidok.uni-freiburg.de/data/11108
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Beiträge zum Mathematikunterricht 2015. Vorträge auf der 49. Tagung für Didaktik der Mathematik vom 09.02.2015 bis 13.02.2015 in Basel [Band 2]
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In: Münster : WTM, Verlag für wissenschaftliche Texte und Medien 2015, 588-1174 S. (2015)
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Socioanalysis: a communicational research device for social intervention
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In: Historical Social Research ; 38 ; 2 ; 218-235 ; Aspects of process theories and process-oriented methodologies (2015)
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Die allmähliche Verfertigung der Diagnose im Reden : prädiagnostische Mitteilungen im Gespräch zwischen Arzt und Patient
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IDS Mannheim
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Herausforderung Asperger-Syndrom: Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Förderung in der Sprachheilschule und in inklusiven Settings ...
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Herausforderung Asperger-Syndrom: Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Förderung in der Sprachheilschule und in inklusiven Settings
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In: Sallat, Stephan [Hrsg.]; Spreer, Markus [Hrsg.]; Glück, Christian W. [Hrsg.]: Sprache professionell fördern. Idstein : Schulz-Kirchner Verlag 2014, S. 244-249 (2014)
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Einblicke in die sprachlichen Leistungen türkischer Kinder mit Deutsch als Zweitsprache
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In: Diskurs Kindheits- und Jugendforschung / Discourse. Journal of Childhood and Adolescence Research ; 6 ; 4 ; 471-478 (2014)
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