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Hits 4.501 – 4.515 of 4.515
4501
Hoan
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4502
University of North Dakota MA Defense
Rebecca Paterson
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4503
Research on u̱t-Ma'in noun classes
Rebecca Paterson
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4504
An unattested person alignment u̱t‑Maꞌin with possible logophoric function
Rebecca Paterson
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4505
Reported Speech in u̱t‑Maꞌin
Rebecca Paterson
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4506
Nominalization and Auxiliaries in u̱t‑Maꞌin
Rebecca Paterson
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4507
Ubiquitous Association in u̱t‑Maꞌin
Rebecca Paterson
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4508
Exploring the logophoric continuum
Rebecca Paterson
;
Abbie Hantgan-Sanko
;
Rebecca Voll
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4509
Clause final negation and double negation in Northwest Kainji
Rebecca Paterson
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4510
Marked nominative alignment from reanalyzed relative clauses: Towards an explanation of prefixes and suffixes in Northwest Kainji argument marking
Rebecca Paterson
Abstract:
Northwest Kainji (Benue-Congo) languages display either prefixed or suffixed noun class marking on nouns (Hoffmann 1967 [[dri](https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/dri)], Bendor‑Samuel et al. 1973 [[uth](https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/uth)], and Smith 2007 [[gel](https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/gel)]). Affix placement is governed by the NP. Paterson (2019) argues that u̱t‑Maꞌin [[gel](https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/gel)] argument alignment patterns also depend on the structure of the NP: unmodified NPs display marked nominative alignment; NPs that contain modifiers display neutral alignment. From u̱t‑Maꞌin data, I argue that suffix class markers on unmodified subjects developed from the relative pronoun within a relative clause that has a relativized subject. Noun class suffixes function as overt morphological nominative case for S/A arguments. Noun class prefixes on P arguments function as overt morphological accusative case. The unique form and function of the u̱t‑Maꞌin nominative case marking and the prolific functions/locations of the accusative case marking are organized into a Type 2 Marked Nominative system (König 2008: 8, 158): (i) A and S are treated the same and simultaneously different from P, (ii) the accusative form is used as the citation form, and (iii) both case forms are morphologically marked; however, the accusative is used in a wide range of functions. The nominative, in contrast, is used in a very restricted set of functions. Overt case marking is only a feature of an NP argument if that NP argument has no modifier; when modifiers occur, no case distinction is made, i.e., the alignment system is neutral. The prefix-marked form of the accusative is the historical form of the noun word, matching the “expected” Niger-Congo prefixed noun class word form. The potentially innovative suffix-marked nominative form is the result of reanalyzing a relative clause structure as main clause syntax. In an u̱t‑Maꞌin relative clause, the relativized element is not expressed. When the relative clause expresses an event that is sequenced with the event conveyed by the main clause and the subject of the matrix clause is also the subject of the relative clause, the structure is semantically ripe for reanalysis. The relative pronoun, already marked for agreement with the class of the head noun, is reanalyzed as a subject marker. Compare tɘ̀ ‘c6.rel’ with tɘ̀ ‘c6’; they are tonally and positionally identical. The relativized subject is reanalyzed as a main clause subject; the verb of the clause is finite and interpreted as a main clause verb. ; In this study I argue that the innovative suffix-marked nominative form is the result of reanalyzing a relative clause structure as main clause syntax. These clauses function are syntactically independent, and yet are somehow discourse dependent with limited occurrence in narrative texts.
Keyword:
Benue-Congo
;
case development
;
general linguistics
;
general_linguistics
;
Grammar
;
Kainji
;
marked nominative
;
morphology
;
relative clause
;
syntax
;
u̱t‑MaꞌRor
URL:
https://hughandbecky.us/Becky-CV/talk/2020-marked-nominative-alignment-from-reanalyzed-relative-clauses/
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4511
Development of the U̱t-Maꞌin Intransitive Progressive in six stages
Rebecca Paterson
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4512
The associative phrase in U̠t‑Maꞌin
Rebecca Paterson
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4513
Development of U̱t‑Maꞌin Progressive Constructions
Rebecca Paterson
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4514
Formation of verbs in u̱t‑Maꞌin
Rebecca Paterson
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4515
University of Oregon Ph.D Defense
Rebecca Paterson
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