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All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year Sort by creator [A → Z]' creator [Z → A]' publishing year ↑ (asc)' publishing year ↓ (desc)' title [A → Z]' title [Z → A]' Simple Search Page: 1 2 Hits 1 – 20 of 22 1 Natural language processing with Python : [analyzing text with the natural language toolkit] Bird, Steven; Klein, Ewan; Loper, Edward. - Beijing : O'Reilly, 2009 MPI für Psycholinguistik Show details 2 Natural language processing with Python Loper, Edward; Klein, Ewan; Bird, Steven. - Beijing [u.a.] : O'Reilly, 2009 BLLDB UB Frankfurt Linguistik Show details 3 Logic of Conversation : Studies in Natural Language Processing Asher, Nicholas; Boguraev, Branimir; Bird, Steven. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2005 Institut für Empirische Sprachwissenschaft UB Frankfurt Linguistik Show details 4 Ega Interlinear XML samples Gibbon, Dafydd; Bird, Steven; Bow, Catherine. - : unpublished, 2003 BASE Show details 5 Proceedings of the IRCS Workshop On Linguistic Databases, 11-13 December 2001 Bird, Steven. - : Universität Hamburg, 2001 IDS Bibliografie zur Gesprächsforschung 6 Speech annotation and corpus tools Bird, Steven (Hrsg.); Harrington, Jonathan (Hrsg.). - Amsterdam : North Holland Publishing Company, 2001 IDS Bibliografie zur deutschen Grammatik Show details 7 Special issue on speech annotation and corpus tools Bird, Steven (Hrsg.). - Amsterdam [u.a.] : North-Holland, 2001 IDS Mannheim Show details 8 When marking tone reduces fluency : an orthography experiment in Cameroon Bird, Steven. - 1998 Abstract: Includes bibliographical references (p. 25-26) ; Steven Bird's publications are available at http://www.ldc.upenn.edu/sb/home/publications.html ; Published in 1999 in Language and Speech 42:83-115 ; Should an alphabetic orthography for a tone language include tone marks? Opinion and practice are divided along three lines: zero marking, phonemic marking and various reduced marking schemes. This paper examines the success of phonemic tone marking for Dschang, a Grassfields Bantu language which uses tone to distinguish lexical items and some grammatical constructions. Participants with a variety of ages and educational backgrounds, and having exposure to the orthography were tested on location in the Western Province of Cameroon. All but one had attended classes on tone marking. Participants read texts which were marked and unmarked for tone, then added tone marks to the unmarked texts. Analysis shows that tone marking degrades reading fluency and does not help to resolve tonally ambiguous words. Experienced writiers attain an accuracy score of 83.5% in adding tone marks to a text, while inexperienced writers score a mere 53 %, which is not much better than chance. The experiment raises serious doubts about the suitability of the phonemic method of marking tone for languages having widespread tone sandhi effects, and lends support to the notion that a writing system should have 'fixed word images'. A critical review of other experiemtnal work on African tone orthography lays the groundwork for the experiment, and contributes to the establishment of a uniform experimental paradigm Keyword: Functional literacy--Africa; phonetics; Tone (Phonetics); writing systems; Yemba language; Yemba language--Orthography and spelling--Cameroon URL: http://cogprints.org/2173/00/lgsp42.pdf BASE Hide details 9 When marking tone reduces fluency: an orthography experiment in Cameroon Bird, Steven. - : SIL Cameroon, 1998 BASE Show details 10 Strategies for representing tone in African writing systems: a critical review Bird, Steven. - 1998 BASE Show details 11 Tonal variation in the Bamileke Dschang noun associative construction and verb paradigms Bird, Steven. - : SIL Cameroon, 1997 BASE Show details 12 Dschang syllable structure Bird, Steven. - 1997 BASE Show details 13 Dshang syllable structure and moraic aspiration Bird, Steven. - : Centre for Cognitive Science, The University of Edinburgh, 1996 BASE Show details 14 Computational phonology : a constraint based approach Bird, Steven. - Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press, 1995 BLLDB Institut für Empirische Sprachwissenschaft UB Frankfurt Linguistik Show details 15 Enriching HPSG phomology Klein, Ewan; Bird, Steven. - Edinburgh : Centre for Cognitive Science, Univ., 1993 IDS Mannheim Show details 16 One level phonology : autosegmental representations and rules as finite-state automata Bird, Steven; Ellison, T. Mark. - Edinburgh : Centre for Cognitive Science, Univ., 1992 IDS Mannheim Show details 17 Declarative perspectives on phonology Bird, Steven (Hrsg.). - Edinburgh : Centre for Cognitive Science, Univ., 1991 IDS Mannheim Show details 18 Constraint-based phonology Bird, Steven. - : The University of Edinburgh, 1991 BASE Show details 19 Prosodic morphology & constraint-based phonology Bird, Steven; Klein, Ewan. - Edinburgh : Centre for Cognitive Science, Univ., 1990 IDS Mannheim Show details 20 Two phonology reviews Ladd, D. Robert; Bird, Steven. - Edinburgh : Centre for Cognitive Science, Univ., 1990 IDS Mannheim Show details Page: 1 2

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