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Enhancing the Reasoning Capabilities of Natural Language Inference Models with Attention Mechanisms and External Knowledge
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On the use of prior and external knowledge in neural sequence models
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Evaluation of Changes in Speech Production Induced by Conventional and Level-Dependent Hearing Protectors and Noise Characteristics ...
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Evaluation of Changes in Speech Production Induced by Conventional and Level-Dependent Hearing Protectors and Noise Characteristics
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Le fil d´Ariane - le français à la Cour de justice de l´Union européenne à Luxembourg
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Linguistic Innovations in Chinese: Internal and External Factors
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External evaluation of French as a foreign language: the DELF-DALF diplomas within multilingual contexts
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Análise variacionista da ditongação como processo de sândi externo na fala de Lages/Santa Catarina
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Acoustic Analysis of Internally versus Externally Guided Speech in Parkinson's Disease
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Lideranças curriculares intermédias no contexto da avaliação externa das escolas em Portugal
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Bare Nouns in Persian: Interpretation, Grammar, and Prosody
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Bare Nouns in Persian: Interpretation, Grammar, and Prosody ...
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The material imagination ; poetic itineraries from Bradstreet to Olson
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Knowledge organization with multiple external representations in a computer-supported collaborative learning environment for arguing on a socio-scientific issue
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Unveiling linguistic competence by facilitating performance
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Kim, Kitaek. - : [Honolulu] : [University of Hawaii at Manoa], [May 2014], 2014
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Vergleich der Terminologie des österreichischen Hochschul-Qualitätssicherungsgesetzes mit Schweden und Spanien
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Bare Nouns in Persian: Interpretation, Grammar, and Prosody
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Abstract:
This thesis explores the variable behavior of bare nouns in Persian. Bare singular nouns realize different grammatical functions, including subject, object and indirect object. They receive different interpretations, including generic, definite and existential readings. However, the task of understanding the reasons for, and limits on, this variation cannot be achieved without understanding a number of pivotal features of Persian sentential architecture, including Information Structure, prosody, word order, and the functions of various morphological markers in Persian. After a brief introduction, chapters 2-3 deal with bare noun objects, firstly comparing them with nominals marked with indefinite morpheme -i suffixed to the noun, and the determiner yek. A bare noun object differs from morphologically marked nominals as it shows properties associated with noun incorporation in the literature (chapter 2). Of particular interest are the discourse properties of these ‘quasi-incorporated’ nominals. With respect to the discourse transparency of Incorporated Nominals, Persian belongs to the class of discourse opaque languages within Mithun’s classification (1984). However, under certain circumstances, Persian bare nouns show discourse transparency. These circumstances are examined in chapter 3, and it is proposed that bare nouns do introduce a number neutral discourse referent. There are no overt anaphoric expressions that could match such number-neutral antecedents in Persian. But covert anaphora lack number features, and hence can serve as means to pick up a number-neutral discourse referent. Also, in case world knowledge tells us that the number-neutral discourse referent is anchored to an atomic entity or to a collection, then an overt singular pronoun or an overt plural pronoun might fit the combined linguistic and conceptual requirements, and may be used to pick up the number-neutral discourse referent. This proposal is phrased within Discourse Representation Theory. In the second half of the dissertation, the interpretation of bare nouns in different positions and with different grammatical functions are discussed. Under the independently supported hypothesis of position>interpretation mapping developed by Diesing (1992), we will see the role of the suffix -ra in indicating that an object has been moved out of VP. Following Diesing, I assume that VP-internal variables are subject to an operation of Existential Closure. In many cases, VP-external –ra-marked objects have a different interpretation to their VP-internal, non-ra-marked, counterparts, because of escaping Existential Closure. For subjects, there is no morphological marking corresponding to –ra on objects, and we have to rely on prosody and word order to determine how a VP is interpreted using theories of the interaction of accent and syntactic structure. We assume that VP-internal subjects exist, under two independent but converging assumptions. The first is prosodic in nature: Subjects can be accented without being narrowly focused; theories of Persian prosody predict then that there is a maximal constituent that contains both the subject and the verb as its head. The second is semantic in nature: Bare nouns require an external existential closure operation to be interpreted existentially, and we have to assume existential closure over the VP for our analysis of the interpretation of objects. So, this existential closure would provide the necessary quantificational force for bare noun subjects as well. It is proposed that both subject and object originate within the VP, and can move out to the VP-external domain. The motivation for these movements are informational-structural in nature, relating in particular to the distinctions between given and new information, and default and non-default information structure.
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Keyword:
-ra a structural marker; anaphoric reference; bare nouns plurality; Contrastive focus; Diesing Mapping Hypothesis; Discourse properties of bare nouns; Discourse Transparency; donkey sentences; focus and interpretation of Bare Nouns; indefinite markers; indefinite nouns in Persian; Information Structure; Noun Incorporation; number neutral discourse referents; object marker -ra in Persian; Persian Bare Nouns; Prosody; Prosody and Bare Noun Interpretation; pseduo Incorporation; Quasi-Incorporation; sentence stress; syntax-prosody mapping; Topic; VP-internal and VP external arguments; VP-internal objects; VP-internal subjects
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URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31168 https://doi.org/10.20381/ruor-3768
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Evaluation of Mandibular Anterior Alveolus in Different Skeletal Patterns
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In: Hoang, Nga Thu. (2013). Evaluation of Mandibular Anterior Alveolus in Different Skeletal Patterns. UC San Francisco: Oral and Craniofacial Sciences. Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0kz0h9g1 (2013)
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