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1
Energy Conservation Theory for Second Language Acquisition (Ect-l2a): A Partial Validation of Kinetic Energy– Aptitude and Motivation
Kim, Peter. - 2022
Abstract: While language aptitude and motivation are considered to be important contributors to second language (L2) attainment, two major gaps in the past research have been (1) a lack of nonlinear models stemming from a naïve and tacit assumption that learning outcomes are linearly related to their predictors, and (2) a lack of unified and integrative understanding of key individual differences (ID) variables (Dewaele, 2009; Larsen-Freeman, 1997). Despite changes in conceptualization of language development as a dynamic system comprised of nonlinear and interconnected subsystems (e.g., CDST), an integrative understanding of ID variables in L2 acquisition remains lacking. The purpose of this dissertation study was to examine motivation and aptitude and their relationship to second language acquisition. Specifically, the study set out to validate a number of theoretical claims made by energy conservation theory for second language acquisition (ECT-L2A) and its attempt to unify key ID variables under one model (Han et al., 2017a). ECT-L2A predicts, inter alia, that aptitude and motivation are positively related to L2 achievement but their effects diminish with increase in proficiency. This is visually represented as a nonlinear and asymptotic L2 learning trajectory vis-à-vis aptitude and motivation. In the current study, two hundred and three adult Spanish-speaking learners of L2 English (N=203) of wide range of proficiency were measured on their level of aptitude (LLAMA_F), motivation (Attitude Motivation Test Battery) and attainment (grammaticality judgment test). The data were analyzed using correlations (PPMC, partial, dis-attenuated), R-squared measures, and fitted with orthogonal distance regression via total least-squares method. The results of correlation analyses and regression showed that as predicted, aptitude contributed positively towards attainment, but its effect diminished with increase in proficiency. On the other hand, while all participants were motivated to learn, motivation decreased with increases in attainment throughout L2 development. Motivation’s effect on achievement became asymptotic and its contribution towards target language (TL) mastery diminished. When aptitude and motivation were combined as a single unit, the learning trajectory closely resembled the curve predicted by ECT-L2A. Based on these findings, two general interpretations concerning motivation and aptitude were presented: 1) changes in motivation and aptitude with respect to attainment and 2) their differential efficacy towards native-like proficiency during L2 development. Finally, implications regarding the universality and the versatility of ECT-L2A are discussed under the broader call for more mathematical models in future SLA research.
Keyword: English language--Study and teaching--Spanish speakers; Motivation in adult education; Second language acquisition--Methodology; Second language acquisition--Psychological aspects
URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/haxp-jb44
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2
“Un Paso Atrás, Dos Adelante” (One Step Back, Two Steps Forward): Reporting the Experiences of Spanish-Speaking Latin Americans in Canadian Workplaces ...
Merchán Tamayo, Jully Paola. - : Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2022
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3
Side-Splitting: Humour and National Identity in Contemporary Spanish Cinema (1970-2020)
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4
La anticortesía verbal en ELE: uso de palabras y expresiones malsonantes como herramienta de afiliación y de cohesión identitaria. Propuestas didácticas
Martín Luna, Noelia. - : Universidad de Córdoba, 2022
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“Un Paso Atrás, Dos Adelante” (One Step Back, Two Steps Forward): Reporting the Experiences of Spanish-Speaking Latin Americans in Canadian Workplaces
Merchán Tamayo, Jully Paola. - : Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2022
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6
'Flüchtlingswelle' e ondas de refugiados: metáforas sobre refúgio e imigração na mídia online brasileira e alemã
Ferreira, Luciane Corrêa [Verfasser]; Melo, Livia Elisa Lemos [Verfasser]. - 2021
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7
Reframing Reformulation: A Theoretical-Experimental Approach : Evidence from the Spanish Discourse Marker "o sea"
Salameh Jiménez, Shima [Verfasser]. - Frankfurt a.M. : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2021
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8
¡Qué misterioso! : die Mystery-Methode im Spanischunterricht (A2-B2)
Schäfer, Elena [Verfasser]. - Stuttgart : Ernst Klett Sprachen, 2021
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9
PONS Power-Sprachkurs Portugiesisch : lernen Sie Portugiesisch in 4 Wochen ; Buch mit 2 Audio+MP3-CDs ; mit großem Abschlusstest
Becker, Simone Sabino [Mitwirkender]. - 2021
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10
Phonetik und Phonologie des Spanischen : eine korpuslinguistische Einführung
Pustka, Elissa [Verfasser]. - Berlin : Erich Schmidt Verlag, 2021
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11
Die Betrachtung des lateinamerikanischen Spanisch in Abgrenzung zum Kastilischen
Reisige, Patricia [Verfasser]. - München : GRIN Verlag, 2021
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12
Das Kastilische im Mittelalter. Entwicklung, geschichtliche Ereignisse und Einflüsse anderer Sprachen
München : GRIN Verlag, 2021
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13
Transfer im schulischen Drittspracherwerb des Spanischen : wie L2-Kenntnisse des Englischen, Französischen und Lateinischen den L3-Erwerb von perfektivem und imperfektivem Aspekt im Spanischen beeinflussen
Eibensteiner, Lukas [Verfasser]. - Tübingen : Narr Francke Attempto, 2021
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14
El baile de la vida : mit CD
Pou, Anna [Mitwirkender]. - 2021
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15
[Langenscheidt Hörtraining mit Musik Spanisch] ; Langenscheidt Spanisch mit Swing : ein musikalisches Sprachtraining
Beckerman, Howard [Verfasser]. - Stuttgart : PONS GmbH, 2021
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16
Steuerplanung mit spanischen Holdinggesellschaften
Tremmel, Sonja [Verfasser]; Meyer-Scharenberg, Dirk [Akademischer Betreuer]. - Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2021
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17
The word family of Spanish desmoronar, Portuguese esb(o)roar "crumble" : reprinted from PMLA, Pvblications of the Modern Langvage Association of America, issued quarterly, volume LXIII, September, 1948, number 3
Malkiel, Yakov [Verfasser]. - 2021
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18
Bornistik : sprach- und kulturwissenschaftliche Perspektiven auf die Romania und die Welt
Ladilova, Anna [Verfasser]; Leschzyk, Dinah [Verfasser]; Müller, Katharina [Verfasser]. - Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2021
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19
Hablamos : Auffrischungskurs Spanisch A1 ; mit Audio-CD ; sprechen, üben, wiederholen
Hagedorn Castro-Peláez, Mónica [Mitwirkender]; Varela Navarro, Montserrat [Mitwirkender]. - 2021
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20
Contacto lingüístico en Venezuela : Interacción del español con la lengua indígena pemón, vitalidad y uso
Matos, Rafael-Eduardo [Verfasser]; Kuhn, Julia [Verfasser]. - Frankfurt a.M. : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2021
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