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Optimizing Water and Nitrogen Strategies to Improve Forage Oat Yield and Quality on the Tibetan Plateau Using APSIM
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In: Agronomy; Volume 12; Issue 4; Pages: 933 (2022)
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Abstract:
There is a great need for improving oat forage production to increase forage supply and protect grassland ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau. We conducted two field experiments and modeling work to investigate the responses of oat (Avena sativa L.) forage yield and N uptake to water and N applications, and to optimize the water and N scheduling under rainfed and irrigated conditions. The experiments were conducted in 2017 and 2018 at Jintai farm in the northeast of the Tibetan Plateau. Two N-applying rates of 120 and 60 kg ha−1 were tested in 2017, and four irrigation treatments (no irrigation—NI, irrigated 50 mm at flowering—I1, irrigated 50 mm at tillering and jointing—I2, and irrigated 50 mm at tillering, jointing, and flowering—I3) were applied under every N rate in 2018. The Agricultural Production System Simulator (APSIM) was calibrated and validated for the local oat variety. Under rainfed conditions in both years, oat yields under high and low N were 7.98–8.52 and 5.09–6.53 t ha−1, respectively; the high N rate significantly increased forage yield and N uptake compared to low N conditions by 22.2–67.4% (p < 0.01) and 42.0–162.0% (p < 0.01), respectively. In 2018, irrigation increased oat forage yield by 29.8–96.6% (p < 0.01) and increased N uptake by 19.6–50.5% (p > 0.05); N rates had no significant effect on forage yield (p > 0.05), but significantly increased N uptake by 42.6–64.7% (p < 0.01). I2 was superior to I3 in terms of increasing water use efficiency (WUE) while maintaining high forage yield and N uptake. APSIM-oat was calibrated with data under both rainfed and irrigated conditions and was confirmed to have good accuracy and lower normalized root mean square errors (NRMSEs) for phonology dates, forage yield, soil water storage, and N uptake. Scenario analysis was performed with 30-year historical weather data; five N rates were designed for rainfed conditions, and 25 scenarios comprising five N rates and five irrigation levels were designed for irrigated conditions. Simulations showed that the N rate of 90 kg ha−1 resulted in the best performance for oat under rainfed conditions. Under irrigated conditions, irrigation promoted oat nitrogen uptake. Thus, overall an N rate of 120 kg ha−1 in combination with irrigation of 120 mm applied during the vegetative growth period performed the best. This optimized strategy may provide guidance on water and N management of oat forage production in the Tibetan Plateau and similar alpine regions worldwide. The promoted strategy increases yields while reducing water and nitrogen resource wastes, thus decreasing the environmental pollution from agriculture and responding to the sustainable development of farmland ecosystems.
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Keyword:
forage yield; irrigation scheduling; N fertilizer reduction; N uptake; oat; Tibetan Plateau
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URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12040933
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| 2 |
Assessing Writing in French-as-a-Foreign-Language: Teacher Practices and Learner Uptake
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In: Languages; Volume 6; Issue 4; Pages: 210 (2021)
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| 3 |
La retroacció correctiva oral amb estudiants adults poc escolaritzats
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| 4 |
Peer Interaction in the L2 Classroom: A Study among Malaysian ESL Learners
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In: Issues in Language Studies, Vol 10, Iss 1 (2021) (2021)
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| 5 |
INTENTIONAL VS INCIDENTAL ESP VOCABULARY ACQUISITION BY POLITICAL SCIENCE STUDENTS
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In: Advanced Education; 2020: Issue 16; 18-27 ; Передовое образование; 2020: ; 18-27 ; Новітня освіта; 2020: ; 2410-8286 ; 2409-3351 (2020)
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| 6 |
Analysis of Learner Uptake in Response to Corrective Feedback in Advanced Foreign Language Classrooms: A Case in the United States
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In: Applied Linguistics Research Journal, Vol 4, Iss 4, Pp 1-29 (2020) (2020)
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| 7 |
Corrective Feedback and Learner Uptake by English Learners of Chinese in Advanced Second Language Classrooms in the USA
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In: Applied Linguistics Research Journal, Vol 3, Iss 3, Pp 1-21 (2019) (2019)
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| 8 |
SEMELHANÇAS ENTRE UPTAKE E TRACE: CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE TRADUÇÃO
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In: DELTA: Documentação e Estudos em Linguística Teórica e Aplicada; v. 13, n. 2 (1997) ; 1678-460X ; 0102-4450 (2019)
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| 9 |
New Directions in Treatments Targeting Stroke Recovery.
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In: Stroke, vol 49, iss 12 (2018)
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| 10 |
The Interpretation of an Evolving Line Drawing
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In: Empirical Comics Research. Digital, Multimodal, and Cognitive Methods ; https://hal.univ-lille.fr/hal-01872997 ; Alexander Dunst; Jochen Laubrock; Janina Wildfeuer. Empirical Comics Research. Digital, Multimodal, and Cognitive Methods, Routledge, pp.197-214, 2018 (2018)
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| 11 |
JOHN LANGSHAW AUSTIN E A VISÃO PERFORMATIVA DA LINGUAGEM
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In: DELTA: Documentação e Estudos em Linguística Teórica e Aplicada; v. 18, n. 1 (2002) ; 1678-460X ; 0102-4450 (2018)
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| 12 |
Constructs of Reflection in Six First-Year Composition Classrooms
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In: Electronic Theses and Dissertations (2017)
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| 13 |
On the Benefits of Multimodal Annotations for Vocabulary Uptake from Reading
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In: Education Publications (2017)
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| 14 |
Strategies of Metalinguistic and Recast Feedback during Oral Interactions
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In: Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal, Vol 19, Iss 2, Pp 165-176 (2017) (2017)
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| 15 |
Metabolic Mechanisms of Vocal Fatigue
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In: ETSU Faculty Works (2016)
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| 16 |
Improving the uptake of pre-travel health advice amongst migrant Australians: exploring the attitudes of primary care providers and migrant community groups
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In: Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A (2016)
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| 17 |
Teacher Revoicing in a Foreign Language Teaching Context: Social and Academic Functions
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In: Australian Journal of Teacher Education (2014)
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| 18 |
Learner Uptake of Teacher Electronic Feedback in ESL Composition
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| 19 |
Atomoxetine improved attention in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and dyslexia in a 16 week, acute, randomized, double-blind trial
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In: PMC (2013)
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| 20 |
Emotional face recognition deficits and medication effects in pre-manifest through stage-II Huntington's disease.
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In: Psychiatry Res , 207 (1-2) 118 - 126. (2013) (2013)
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