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1
Eighteen-month-olds selectively generalize words from accurate speakers to novel contexts
Abstract: The present studies examine whether and how 18-month-olds use informants' accuracy to acquire novel labels for novel objects and generalize them to a new context. In Experiment 1, two speakers made statements about the labels of familiar objects. One used accurate labels and the other used inaccurate labels. One of these speakers then introduced novel labels for two novel objects. At test, toddlers saw those two novel objects and heard an unfamiliar voice say one of the labels provided by the speaker. Only toddlers who had heard the novel labels introduced by the accurate speaker looked at the appropriate novel object above chance. Experiment 2 explored possible mechanisms underlying this difference in generalization. Rather than making statements about familiar objects' labels, both speakers asked questions about the objects' labels, with one speaker using accurate labels and the other using inaccurate labels. Toddlers' generalization of novel labels for novel objects was at chance for both speakers, suggesting that toddlers do not simply associate hearing the accurate label with the reliability of the speaker. We discuss these results in terms of potential mechanisms by which children learn and generalize novel labels across contexts from speaker reliability.
Keyword: Article
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29569386
https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.12663
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6151175/
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2
Cognitive control in action: Tracking the dynamics of rule switching in 5- to 8-year-olds and adults
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3
Attention to the mouth and gaze following in infancy predict language development
In: J Child Lang (2014)
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4
Children’s developing understanding of the relation between variable causal efficacy and mechanistic complexity
In: Cognition. - Amsterdam [u.a] : Elsevier 129 (2013) 3, 494-500
OLC Linguistik
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5
Speaker reliability in preschoolers' inferences about the meanings of novel words*
In: Journal of child language. - Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press 39 (2012) 1, 90-104
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6
Bayes and blickets: effects of knowledge on causal induction in children and adults
In: Cognitive science. - Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell 35 (2011) 8, 1407-1455
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7
Children monitor individuals' expertise for word learning
In: Child development. - Malden, Ma. [u.a.] : Blackwell 81 (2010) 2, 669-679
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8
Enabling conditions and children's understanding of pretense
In: Cognition. - Amsterdam [u.a] : Elsevier 113 (2009) 2, 177-188
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9
Enabling conditions and children’s understanding of pretense
In: Cognition. - Amsterdam [u.a] : Elsevier 113 (2009) 2, 177-188
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10
Domain generality and specificity in children's causal inference about ambiguous data
In: Developmental psychology. - Richmond, Va. [u.a.] : American Psychological Association 45 (2009) 2, 511-524
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11
Children's knowledge of the relation between intentional action and pretending
In: Cognitive development. - Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science 22 (2007) 1, 130-141
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12
The importance of decision making in causal learning from interventions
In: Memory & cognition. - Heidelberg [u.a.] : Springer 34 (2006) 2, 411-419
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13
The importance of decision making in causal learning from interventions
In: Memory & cognition. - Heidelberg [u.a.] : Springer 34 (2006) 2, 411-419
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14
Blickets and babies : the development of causal reasoning in toddlers and infants
In: Developmental psychology. - Richmond, Va. [u.a.] : American Psychological Association 42 (2006) 6, 1103-1115
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15
Children's causal inferences from indirect evidence: Backwards blocking and Bayesian reasoning in preschoolers
In: Cognitive science. - Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell 28 (2004) 3, 303-334
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16
Children's causal inferences from indirect evidence : backwards blocking and Bayesian reasoning in preschoolers
In: Cognitive science. - Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell 28 (2004) 3, 303-333
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17
A theory of causal learning in children : causal maps and Bayes nets
In: Psychological review. - Washington, DC [u.a.] : American Psychological Association 111 (2004) 1, 3-32
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18
Children's developing knowledge of the relationship between mental awareness and pretense
In: Child development. - Malden, Ma. [u.a.] : Blackwell 75 (2004) 3, 704-729
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19
Against direction of fit accounts of belief and desire
In: Analysis. - Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press 61 (2001) 1, 44-53
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20
Magnetoencephalography in Children with Landau-Kleffner Syndrome and Acquired Epileptic Aphasia
In: AJNR Am J Neuroradiol (2000)
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