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Representing characters in a scenario: What makes two individuals a set?
Abstract: Following two individually mentioned characters in a text it is possible to successfully refer to either the individuals, or the set of two. Various factors, syntactic and pragmatic, have been found to affect the ease with which these types of reference can be made, however. This is therefore an interesting puzzle for those attempting to work out how linguistic and pragmatic factors interact in determining the representation we build in the process of understanding text. We build on previous ideas of “equivalence” and a “common association base” to propose that the Scenario mapping and focus model may explain at least some of the factors which affect plural pronominal reference. Two experiments are described which together suggest that the roles assigned to the two individual characters, and the likelihood of these roles being associated with joint activity in subsequent text are crucial in determining the likelihood of plural pronominal reference. Our findings broadly support the view that our representation of characters is heavily dependent on the scenario-based roles which we assign to those characters as we read.
URL: http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/62647/
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2
Noticing and not noticing what's in a text: attention, depth of processing and text interpretation
Emmott, C.; Sanford, A.J.. - : Cambridge Scholars Press, 2012
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3
Expectations in counterfactual and theory of mind reasoning
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4
Anomalies in real and counterfactual worlds: An eye-movement investigation
Ferguson, H.J.; Sanford, A.J.. - : Elsevier, 2008
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5
"They're digging up the road again": the processing cost of institutional "they"
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6
Stylistics meets cognitive science: studying style in fiction and readers' attention from an interdisciplinary perspective
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7
Capturing the attention of readers? Stylistic and psychological perspectives on the use and effect of text fragmentation in narratives
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8
Shallow processing and attention capture in written and spoken discourse
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9
Sentence fragmentation: stylistic aspects
Emmott, C.; Sanford, A.J.; Morrow, L.I.. - : Elsevier, 2006
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10
Shallow processing and attention capture in written and spoken discourse
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11
The linguistic description of minmal social scenarios affects the extent of causal inference making
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12
Depth of lexical-semantic processing and sentential load
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13
Exploring quantifiers: pragmatics meets the psychology of comprehension
Sanford, A.J.; Moxey, L.. - : Palgrave Macmillan, 2004
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14
The interpretation of quantified statements
Moxey, L.M.; Sanford, A.J.. - : Walter de Gruyter & Co, 2003
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15
Communicating quantities: A review of psycholinguistic evidence of how expressions determine perspectives
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16
The control of attributional patterns by the focusing properties of quantifying expressions
In: Journal of semantics. - Oxford : Univ. Press 7 (1990) 1, 81-92
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17
Referential and anaphoric processes in text comprehension
Sanford, A.J. (Mitarb.); Lockhart, F. (Mitarb.); Garnham, Alan (Mitarb.)...
In: Journal of semantics. - Oxford : Univ. Press 7 (1990) 4, V-VI, 321-454
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18
Control of attentional focus by quantifiers
In: Lines of thinking (Chichester, 1990), p. 109-124
MPI für Psycholinguistik
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19
Parsing and interpretation
Altmann, Gerry T. M. (Hrsg.); Rayner, Keith (Mitarb.); Sereno, Sara C. (Mitarb.)...
In: Language and cognitive processes. - Abingdon : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group 4 (1989) 3-4, 1-368
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20
What, when, and how? : Questions of immediacy in anaphoric reference resolution
In: Parsing and interpretation. - Hove, East Sussex : Lawrence Erlbaum Ass. (1989), 235-262
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