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Parallel processing in speech perception with local and global representations of linguistic context
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In: eLife (2022)
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Abstract:
Speech processing is highly incremental. It is widely accepted that human listeners continuously use the linguistic context to anticipate upcoming concepts, words, and phonemes. However, previous evidence supports two seemingly contradictory models of how a predictive context is integrated with the bottom-up sensory input: Classic psycholinguistic paradigms suggest a two-stage process, in which acoustic input initially leads to local, context-independent representations, which are then quickly integrated with contextual constraints. This contrasts with the view that the brain constructs a single coherent, unified interpretation of the input, which fully integrates available information across representational hierarchies, and thus uses contextual constraints to modulate even the earliest sensory representations. To distinguish these hypotheses, we tested magnetoencephalography responses to continuous narrative speech for signatures of local and unified predictive models. Results provide evidence that listeners employ both types of models in parallel. Two local context models uniquely predict some part of early neural responses, one based on sublexical phoneme sequences, and one based on the phonemes in the current word alone; at the same time, even early responses to phonemes also reflect a unified model that incorporates sentence-level constraints to predict upcoming phonemes. Neural source localization places the anatomical origins of the different predictive models in nonidentical parts of the superior temporal lobes bilaterally, with the right hemisphere showing a relative preference for more local models. These results suggest that speech processing recruits both local and unified predictive models in parallel, reconciling previous disparate findings. Parallel models might make the perceptual system more robust, facilitate processing of unexpected inputs, and serve a function in language acquisition.
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Keyword:
Neuroscience
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URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8830882/ https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.72056 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35060904
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Neuro-computational models of language processing
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In: EISSN: 2333-9691 ; Annual Review of Linguistics ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03334485 ; Annual Review of Linguistics, Annual Reviews, In press, ⟨10.1146/lingbuzz/006147⟩ (2021)
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Data for: Eelbrain: A Python toolkit for time-continuous analysis with temporal response functions ...
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Using surprisal and fMRI to map the neural bases of broad and local contextual prediction during natural language comprehension ...
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Data for: Eelbrain: A Python toolkit for time-continuous analysis with temporal response functions
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Modeling Conventionalization and Predictability within MWEs at the Brain Level
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In: Proceedings of the Society for Computation in Linguistics (2020)
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A Neurolinguistic Approach to Noncompositionality and Argument Structure
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Modeling Conventionalization and Predictability in Multi-Word Expressions at Brain-level
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In: CRCNS 2019 ; https://hal.inria.fr/hal-02272435 ; CRCNS 2019, Sep 2019, Austin (Texas), United States (2019)
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A Neurolinguistic Approach to Noncompositionality and Argument Structure ...
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Localising Memory Retrieval and Syntactic Composition: An fMRI Study of Naturalistic Language Comprehension
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In: ISSN: 2327-3798 ; EISSN: 2327-3801 ; Language, Cognition and Neuroscience ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01930201 ; Language, Cognition and Neuroscience, Taylor and Francis, In press, 34 (4), pp.1-20. ⟨10.1080/23273798.2018.1518533⟩ (2018)
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Differentiating Phrase Structure Parsing and Memory Retrieval in the Brain
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In: Proceedings of the Society for Computation in Linguistics (2018)
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