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Neural differences between monolinguals and early bilinguals in their native languaje during comprehension
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Bilingualism at the core of the brain. Structural differences between bilinguals and monolinguals revealed by subcortical shape analysis
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Do bilinguals show neural differences with monolinguals when processing their native language?
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In: ISSN: 0093-934X ; EISSN: 1090-2155 ; Brain and Language ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01485305 ; Brain and Language, Elsevier, 2015, Vol. 142, 142, pp.36-44. ⟨10.1016/j.bandl.2015.01.004⟩ (2015)
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Efecto de facilitación de los cognados en el cerebro bilingüe
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Bilinguals use language-control brain areas more than monolinguals to perform non-linguistic switching tasks
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Neural correlates of audiovisual speech processing in a second language
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Reading salt activates gustatory brain regions: fMRI evidence for semantic grounding in a novel sensory modality
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Reading Salt Activates Gustatory Brain Regions: fMRI Evidence for Semantic Grounding in a Novel Sensory Modality
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Reading Salt Activates Gustatory Brain Regions: fMRI Evidence for Semantic Grounding in a Novel Sensory Modality
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Reading Salt Activates Gustatory Brain Regions: fMRI Evidence for Semantic Grounding in a Novel Sensory Modality
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Neural correlates of audiovisual speech processing in a second language
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Top-down attention regulates the neural expression of audiovisual integration
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Abstract:
The interplay between attention and multisensory integration has proven to be a difficult question to tackle./nThere are almost as many studies showing that multisensory integration occurs independently from the focus/nof attention as studies implying that attention has a profound effect on integration. Addressing the neural/nexpression of multisensory integration for attended vs. unattended stimuli can help disentangle this apparent/ncontradiction. In the present study, we examine if selective attention to sound pitch influences the expression/nof audiovisual integration in both behavior and neural activity. Participants were asked to attend to one of two/nauditory speech streams while watching a pair of talking lips that could be congruent or incongruent with the/nattended speech stream. We measured behavioral and neural responses (fMRI) to multisensory stimuli under/nattended and unattended conditions while physical stimulation was kept constant. Our results indicate that participants/nrecognized words more accurately from an auditory stream that was both attended and audiovisually/n(AV) congruent, thus reflecting a benefit due to AV integration. On the other hand, no enhancement was found/nfor AV congruency when it was unattended. Furthermore, the fMRI results indicated that activity in the superior/ntemporal sulcus (an area known to be related to multisensory integration) was contingent on attention as well as/non audiovisual congruency. This attentional modulation extended beyond heteromodal areas to affect processing/nin areas classically recognized as unisensory, such as the superior temporal gyrus or the extrastriate cortex, and to/nnon-sensory areas such as the motor cortex. Interestingly, attention to audiovisual incongruence triggered responses/nin brain areas related to conflict processing (i.e., the anterior cingulate cortex and the anterior insula)./nBased on these results, we hypothesize that AV speech integration can take place automatically only when/nboth modalities are sufficiently processed, and that if a mismatch is detected between the AV modalities,/nfeedback from conflict areas minimizes the influence of this mismatch by reducing the processing of the least/ninformative modality. ; This research was supported by the Ministerio de Economía y/nCompetitividad (PSI2013-42626-P), AGAUR Generalitat de Catalunya/n(2014SGR856), and the European Research Council (StG-2010 263145).
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Keyword:
Attention; Audiovisual; fMRI; Multisensory; Speech perception; STS
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URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.06.052
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/27084
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Bilingualism at the core of the brain: structural differences between bilinguals and monolinguals revealed by subcortical shape analysis
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