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The Principle of Least Effort and Comprehension of Spoken Sentences by Younger and Older Adults
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In: Front Psychol (2021)
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Anticipatory Baseline Pupil Diameter Is Sensitive to Differences in Hearing Thresholds
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The Two Sides of Linguistic Context: Eye-Tracking as a Measure of Semantic Competition in Spoken Word Recognition Among Younger and Older Adults
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Abstract:
Studies of spoken word recognition have reliably shown that both younger and older adults’ recognition of acoustically degraded words is facilitated by the presence of a linguistic context. Against this benefit, older adults’ word recognition can be differentially hampered by interference from other words that could also fit the context. These prior studies have primarily used off-line response measures such as the signal-to-noise ratio needed for a target word to be correctly identified. Less clear is the locus of these effects; whether facilitation and interference have their influence primarily during response selection, or whether their effects begin to operate even before a sentence-final target word has been uttered. This question was addressed by tracking 20 younger and 20 older adults’ eye fixations on a visually presented target word that corresponded to the final word of a contextually constraining or neutral sentence, accompanied by a second word on the computer screen that in some cases could also fit the sentence context. Growth curve analysis of the time-course of eye-gaze on a target word showed facilitation and inhibition effects begin to appear even as a spoken sentence is unfolding in time. Consistent with an age-related inhibition deficit, older adults’ word recognition was slowed by the presence of a semantic competitor to a degree not observed for younger adults, with this effect operating early in the recognition process.
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Keyword:
Human Neuroscience
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URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7161414/ https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.00132
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Differences in Working Memory Capacity Affect Online Spoken Word Recognition: Evidence From Eye Movements ...
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Differences in Working Memory Capacity Affect Online Spoken Word Recognition: Evidence From Eye Movements ...
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Differences in Working Memory Capacity Affect Online Spoken Word Recognition: Evidence From Eye Movements
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A Tipping Point in Listening Effort: Effects of Linguistic Complexity and Age-Related Hearing Loss on Sentence Comprehension
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The possible role of brain rhythms in perceiving fast speech: Evidence from adult aging
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Linguistic Context Versus Semantic Competition in Word Recognition by Younger and Older Adults with Cochlear Implants
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Working Memory Load Affects Processing Time in Spoken Word Recognition: Evidence from Eye-Movements
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The Two Sides of Sensory–Cognitive Interactions: Effects of Age, Hearing Acuity, and Working Memory Span on Sentence Comprehension
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Multiple Solutions to the Same Problem: Utilization of Plausibility and Syntax in Sentence Comprehension by Older Adults with Impaired Hearing
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A right-ear bias of auditory selective attention is evident in alpha oscillations
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Effects of linguistic context and response entropy in older adult cochlear implant recipients: A preliminary study ...
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A Qualitative Shift in Comprehension Strategies Revealed Under the Triple Challenge of Age, Reduced Hearing Acuity, and Complex Linguistic Input* *also invited talk ...
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Acoustic richness modulates the neural networks supporting intelligible speech processing
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Cognitive aging and hearing acuity: modeling spoken language comprehension
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