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All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year Sort by creator [A → Z]' creator [Z → A]' publishing year ↑ (asc)' publishing year ↓ (desc)' title [A → Z]' title [Z → A]' Simple Search Page: 1 2 3 Hits 1 – 20 of 44 1 Elip, Mmala and Yangben Boyd, Ginger; Reeder, JeDene; Roberts, David. - : John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2021 BASE Show details 2 Quantifying written ambiguities in tone languages: A comparative study of Elip, Mbelime, and Eastern Dan Roberts, David; Boyd, Ginger; Merz, Johannes... In: ISSN: 1934-5275 ; EISSN: 1934-5275 ; Language Documentation & Conservation ; https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02482214 ; Language Documentation & Conservation, University of Hawaiʻi Press 2020, 14, pp.108-138 ; https://uhpress.hawaii.edu/product/ldc/ (2020) BASE Show details 3 Quantifying written ambiguities in tone languages: A comparative study of Elip, Mbelime, and Eastern Dan Roberts, David; Boyd, Ginger; Merz, Johannes; Vydrin, Valentin In: ISSN: 1934-5275 ; EISSN: 1934-5275 ; Language Documentation & Conservation ; https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02482214 ; Language Documentation & Conservation, University of Hawaiʻi Press 2020, 14, pp.108-138 ; https://uhpress.hawaii.edu/product/ldc/ (2020) Abstract: International audience ; Whether tone should be represented in writing, and if so how much, is one of the most formidable challenges facing those developing orthographies for tone languages. Various researchers have attempted to quantify the level of written ambiguity in a language if tone is not marked, but these contributions are not easily comparable because they use different measurement criteria. This article presents a first attempt to develop a standardized instrument and evaluate its potential. The method is exemplified using four narrative texts translated into Elip, Mbelime, and Eastern Dan. It lists all distinct written word forms that are homographs if tone is not marked, discarding repeated words, homophony, and polysemy, as well as pairs that never share the same syntactic slot. It treats lexical and grammatical tone separately, while acknowledging that these two functions often coincide. The results show that the level of written ambiguity in Elip is weighted towards the grammar, while in Mbelime many ambiguities occur at the point where lexical and grammatical tone coincide. As for Eastern Dan, with its profusion of nominal and verbal minimal pairs, not to mention pronouns, case markers, predicative markers, and other parts of speech, the level of written ambiguity if tone is not marked is by far the highest of the three languages. The article ends with some suggestions of how the methodology might be refined, by reporting some experimental data that provide only limited proof of the need to mark tone fully, and by describing how full tone marking has survived recent spelling reforms in all three languages. Keyword: [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics; African languages; tone URL: https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02482214/document https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02482214 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02482214/file/2020roberts_et_al-quantifying_written_ambiguities.pdf BASE Hide details 4 Quantifying written ambiguities in tone languages: A comparative study of Elip, Mbelime, and Eastern Dan Roberts, David; Boyd, Ginger; Merz, Johannes. - : University of Hawaii Press, 2020 BASE Show details 5 Dictionnaire Yambeta ; Dictionnaire yambeta – français - anglais ; Yambeta – French - English Dictionary Boyd, Ginger. - : SIL International, 2020 BASE Show details 6 Quantifying Written Ambiguities in Tone Languages: A Comparative Study of Elip, Mbelime, and Eastern Dan Boyd, Ginger; Roberts, David; Vydrin, Valentin. - : Language Documentation & Conservation (University of Hawai'i Press), 2020 BASE Show details 7 Variations phonologiques dans les dialectes du bangubangu Boyd, Ginger. - : African Studies Centre Leiden (ASCL), 2020 BASE Show details 8 Quantifying written ambiguities in tone languages: A comparative study of Elip, Mbelime, and Eastern Dan Roberts, David; Boyd, Ginger; Merz, Johannes. - : University of Hawaii Press, 2020 BASE Show details 9 Dictionnaire (Tu)Nen ; Dictionnaire tunen – anglais ; Tunen - English Dictionary Boyd, Ginger. - : SIL International, 2019 BASE Show details 10 Dictionnaire Gunu ; Dictionnaire gunu – français - anglais ; Gunu - French - English Dictionary Boyd, Ginger. - : SIL International, 2019 BASE Show details 11 Kálati á Itilídí já Iyasa ; Livret d’alphabet de la langue iyasa Boyd, Ginger; Gale, Wendy; Nyensi, Bernice. - : SIL Cameroun et Comité d’Étude de Langue Iyasa (CELI), 2017 BASE Show details 12 Bèkɨ̀ng be ləə̀ Sùə̀ Boyd, Ginger; Ambiana, Jacqueline- Laure; Belinga, Margaret. - 2017 BASE Show details 13 Dictionnaire Yangben ; Yangben - French Dictionary Boyd, Ginger. - : SIL International, 2016 BASE Show details 14 Dictionnaire Mbule ; Mbule – French Dictionary Boyd, Ginger. - : SIL International, 2016 BASE Show details 15 Dictionnaire Tuki ; Dictionnaire tuki - français ; Tuki–French Dictionary Boyd, Ginger. - : SIL International, 2016 BASE Show details 16 Elip Dictionary ; Dictionnaire elip - français ; Elip - English Dictionary Boyd, Ginger. - : SIL International, 2016 BASE Show details 17 Dictionnaire Mmala (Numala) ; Mmala – French Dictionary Boyd, Ginger. - : SIL International, 2016 BASE Show details 18 Baca Dictionary ; Baca-French Dictionary Boyd, Ginger. - : SIL International, 2016 BASE Show details 19 Le guide d'orthographe iyasa Boyd, Ginger; Gale, Wendy; Nyensi, Bernice. - 2016 BASE Show details 20 Précis d'orthographe Bhogoto Boyd, Ginger. - 2015 BASE Show details Page: 1 2 3

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