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Patterns of genetic connectedness between modern and medieval Estonian genomes reveal the origins of a major ancestry component of the Finnish population
In: Am J Hum Genet (2021)
Abstract: The Finnish population is a unique example of a genetic isolate affected by a recent founder event. Previous studies have suggested that the ancestors of Finnic-speaking Finns and Estonians reached the circum-Baltic region by the 1(st) millennium BC. However, high linguistic similarity points to a more recent split of their languages. To study genetic connectedness between Finns and Estonians directly, we first assessed the efficacy of imputation of low-coverage ancient genomes by sequencing a medieval Estonian genome to high depth (23×) and evaluated the performance of its down-sampled replicas. We find that ancient genomes imputed from >0.1× coverage can be reliably used in principal-component analyses without projection. By searching for long shared allele intervals (LSAIs; similar to identity-by-descent segments) in unphased data for >143,000 present-day Estonians, 99 Finns, and 14 imputed ancient genomes from Estonia, we find unexpectedly high levels of individual connectedness between Estonians and Finns for the last eight centuries in contrast to their clear differentiation by allele frequencies. High levels of sharing of these segments between Estonians and Finns predate the demographic expansion and late settlement process of Finland. One plausible source of this extensive sharing is the 8(th)–10(th) centuries AD migration event from North Estonia to Finland that has been proposed to explain uniquely shared linguistic features between the Finnish language and the northern dialect of Estonian and shared Christianity-related loanwords from Slavic. These results suggest that LSAI detection provides a computationally tractable way to detect fine-scale structure in large cohorts.
Keyword: Article
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34411538
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.07.012
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8456179/
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2
Y-chromosomal analysis of clan structure of Kalmyks, the only European Mongol people, and their relationship to Oirat-Mongols of Inner Asia
Balinova, Natalia; Post, Helen; Kushniarevich, Alena. - : Springer International Publishing, 2019
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3
Y-chromosomal connection between Hungarians and geographically distant populations of the Ural Mountain region and West Siberia
Post, Helen; Németh, Endre; Klima, László. - : Nature Publishing Group UK, 2019
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4
Genes reveal traces of common recent demographic history for most of the Uralic-speaking populations. ...
Tambets, Kristiina; Yunusbayev, Bayazit; Hudjashov, Georgi. - : Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, 2018
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5
Genes reveal traces of common recent demographic history for most of the Uralic-speaking populations ...
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6
Genes reveal traces of common recent demographic history for most of the Uralic-speaking populations ...
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7
Additional file 3: of Genes reveal traces of common recent demographic history for most of the Uralic-speaking populations ...
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8
Additional file 3: of Genes reveal traces of common recent demographic history for most of the Uralic-speaking populations ...
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9
Investigating the origins of eastern Polynesians using genome-wide data from the Leeward Society Isles
Hudjashov, Georgi; Endicott, Phillip; Post, Helen. - : Nature Publishing Group UK, 2018
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10
“Like sugar in milk”: reconstructing the genetic history of the Parsi population [<Journal>]
Chaubey, Gyaneshwer [Verfasser]; Ayub, Qasim [Sonstige]; Rai, Niraj [Sonstige].
DNB Subject Category Language
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11
Genetic Heritage of the Balto-Slavic Speaking Populations: A Synthesis of Autosomal, Mitochondrial and Y-Chromosomal Data
Kushniarevich, Alena; Utevska, Olga; Chuhryaeva, Marina. - : Public Library of Science, 2015
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12
Uniparental Genetic Heritage of Belarusians: Encounter of Rare Middle Eastern Matrilineages with a Central European Mitochondrial DNA Pool
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13
Uniparental Genetic Heritage of Belarusians: Encounter of Rare Middle Eastern Matrilineages with a Central European Mitochondrial DNA Pool
Kushniarevich, Alena; Sivitskaya, Larysa; Danilenko, Nina. - : Public Library of Science, 2013
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14
The Caucasus as an Asymmetric Semipermeable Barrier to Ancient Human Migrations
Yunusbayev, Bayazit; Metspalu, Mait; Järve, Mari. - : Oxford University Press, 2012
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15
The Caucasus as an asymmetric semipermeable barrier to ancient human migrations
Yunusbayev, Bayazit; Metspalu, Mait; Järve, Mari. - : Oxford University Press, 2011
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16
The Caucasus as an Asymmetric Semipermeable Barrier to Ancient Human Migrations
Yunusbayev, Bayazit; Metspalu, Mait; Järve, Mari. - : Oxford University Press, 2011
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17
The Caucasus as an Asymmetric Semipermeable Barrier to Ancient Human Migrations
Yunusbayev, Bayazit; Metspalu, Mait; Järve, Mari. - : Oxford University Press, 2011
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18
Phylogeography of mtDNA haplogroup R7 in the Indian peninsula.
Chaubey, Gyaneshwer; Karmin, Monika; Metspalu, Ene. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2011. : BMC Evol Biol, 2011
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19
Most of the extant mtDNA boundaries in South and Southwest Asia were likely shaped during the initial settlement of Eurasia by anatomically modern humans
Metspalu, Mait; Kivisild, Toomas; Metspalu, Ene. - : BioMed Central, 2004
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20
MtDNA profile of West Africa Guineans: towards a better understanding of the Senegambia region
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