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(Morpho)syntactic Variation in Agreement: Specificational Copular Clauses Across Germanic.
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Abstract:
Hartmann J, Heycock C. (Morpho)syntactic Variation in Agreement: Specificational Copular Clauses Across Germanic. Frontiers in psychology . 2020;10: 2994. ; In this paper we bring together the results of our research into agreement in copular clauses in four different Germanic languages-Dutch, German, Faroese, and Icelandic-in order to provide an overview of the results. These cases present a particularly interesting window into how verbal agreement operates, since there are two potential controllers of agreement, which may disagree in person and/or number (The source of the rumor BE the neighbors/you-sg/you-pl). We will show that there is variation at all levels in which nominal controls agreement: cross-linguistic, inter-speaker within a single language, and intra-speaker. We argue that our data support the following claims: (1) "Downward" agreement for person, as well as number, with a nominal that is not in the canonical subject position is possible and in some cases preferred; (2) The agreement patterns observed in Icelandic and Faroese support the hypothesis that in these languages there are distinct Number and Person heads; (3) "Downward" agreement from a high position in the left-periphery is a grammatically distinct phenomenon from agreement when the verb remains in a lower position in the clause; (4) In some languages and some configurations, speakers show a significant degree of indeterminacy in their judgments and production, suggesting that speakers use more than one grammar. We relate our findings to current discussions in the generative literature on subject agreement and in particular differences between number and person agreement, and possible connections to restrictions on object clitics; we also discuss questions that remain open, and invite new, cross-disciplinary research. Copyright © 2020 Hartmann and Heycock.
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Keyword:
ddc:410
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URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0070-pub-29417216
https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/download/2941721/2942866
https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/record/2941721
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| 3 |
The Internal Structure of Small Clauses: New Evidence from Inversion
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In: North East Linguistics Society (2020)
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| 4 |
Friends and Colleagues: Plurality and NP-Coordination
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In: North East Linguistics Society (2020)
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| 5 |
Bare Infinitives and External Arguments
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In: North East Linguistics Society (2020)
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| 6 |
Focus Projection in Japanese
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In: North East Linguistics Society (2020)
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| 9 |
Syntactic variation and auxiliary contraction: the surprising case of Scots
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| 11 |
Questions, biases and ‘negation’: evidence from Scots varieties
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| 12 |
Language change in bilingual returnee children: mutual effects of bilingual experience and cognition
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| 13 |
Deriving null functional heads: a study on variation of functional structure
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| 16 |
Grammar of Ambel, an Austronesian language of Raja Ampat, west New Guinea
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| 18 |
Order and structure in syntax I: Word order and syntactic structure
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In: Language Science Press; (2017)
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Order and structure in syntax I: Word order and syntactic structure
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In: Language Science Press; (2017)
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Order and structure in syntax I: Word order and syntactic structure
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In: Language Science Press; (2017)
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