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Lifelong bilingualism and mechanisms of neuroprotection in Alzheimer dementia. ...
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Bilingualism and Aging: Implications for (Delaying) Neurocognitive Decline
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In: Front Hum Neurosci (2022)
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Lifelong bilingualism and mechanisms of neuroprotection in Alzheimer dementia.
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First Language Attrition: What It Is, What It Isn’t, and What It Can Be
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In: Front Hum Neurosci (2021)
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First Language Attrition: What It Is, What It Isn’t, and What It Can Be
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Cognitive and brain reserve in bilinguals: field overview and explanatory mechanisms
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The role of the cognitive control system in recovery from bilingual aphasia: a multiple single-case fMRI study
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Second language performances in elderly bilinguals and individuals with dementia: The role of L2 immersion
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Language Control and Lexical Competition in Bilinguals: An Event-Related fMRI Study
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How bilingualism protects the brain from aging: insights from bimodal bilinguals
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Abstract:
Bilingual experience can delay cognitive decline during aging. A general hypothesis is that the executive control system of bilinguals faces an increased load due to controlling two languages, and this increased load results in a more ‘tuned brain’ that eventually creates a neural reserve. Here we explored whether such a neuroprotective effect is independent of language modality, i.e., not limited to bilinguals who speak two languages but also occurs for bilinguals who use a spoken and a signed language. We addressed this issue by comparing bimodal bilinguals to monolinguals in order to detect age-induced structural brain changes and to determine whether we can detect the same beneficial effects on brain structure, in terms of preservation of gray matter volume (GMV), for bimodal bilinguals as has been reported for unimodal bilinguals. Our GMV analyses revealed a significant interaction effect of age × group in the bilateral anterior temporal lobes, left hippocampus/amygdala, and left insula where bimodal bilinguals showed slight GMV increases while monolinguals showed significant age-induced GMV decreases. We further found through cortical surface-based measurements that this effect was present for surface area and not for cortical thickness. Moreover, to further explore the hypothesis that overall bilingualism provides neuroprotection, we carried out a direct comparison of GMV, extracted from the brain regions reported above, between bimodal bilinguals, unimodal bilinguals, and monolinguals. Bilinguals, regardless of language modality, exhibited higher GMV compared to monolinguals. This finding highlights the general beneficial effects provided by experience handling two language systems, whether signed or spoken.
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URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.23652 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5503481/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28513102
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The impact of bilingualism on brain reserve and metabolic connectivity in Alzheimer's dementia
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Semantic interference and its control: A functional neuroimaging and connectivity study
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In: ISSN: 1065-9471 ; EISSN: 1097-0193 ; Human Brain Mapping ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01452813 ; Human Brain Mapping, Wiley, 2016, 37 (11), pp.4179-4196. ⟨10.1002/hbm.23304⟩ (2016)
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The Role of the Cognitive Control System in Recovery from Bilingual Aphasia: A Multiple Single-Case fMRI Study
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A diffusion model approach to analysing the bilingual advantage for the Flanker task: the role of attentional control processes
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