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From Stance to Concern: Adaptation of Propositional Analysis to New Tasks and Domains ...
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Detecting Asks in SE attacks: Impact of Linguistic and Structural Knowledge ...
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Adaptation of a Lexical Organization for Social Engineering Detection and Response Generation ...
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Statistical modality tagging from rule-based annotations and crowdsourcing ...
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Use of Modality and Negation in Semantically-Informed Syntactic MT ...
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Semantically-Informed Syntactic Machine Translation: A Tree-Grafting Approach ...
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Use of Modality and Negation in Semantically-Informed Syntactic MT
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In: DTIC (2012)
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Statistical Modality Tagging from Rule-based Annotations and Crowdsourcing
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Use of Modality and Negation in Semantically-Informed Syntactic MT
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Abstract:
This article describes the resource- and system-building efforts of an 8-week Johns Hopkins University Human Language Technology Center of Excellence Summer Camp for Applied Language Exploration (SCALE-2009) on Semantically Informed Machine Translation (SIMT). We describe a new modality/negation (MN) annotation scheme, the creation of a (publicly available) MN lexicon, and two automated MN taggers that we built using the annotation scheme and lexicon. Our annotation scheme isolates three components of modality and negation: a trigger (a word that conveys modality or negation), a target (an action associated with modality or negation), and a holder (an experiencer of modality). We describe how our MN lexicon was semi-automatically produced and we demonstrate that a structure-based MN tagger results in precision around 86% (depending on genre) for tagging of a standard LDC data set. We apply our MN annotation scheme to statistical machine translation using a syntactic framework that supports the inclusion of semantic annotations. Syntactic tags enriched with semantic annotations are assigned to parse trees in the target-language training texts through a process of tree grafting. Although the focus of our work is modality and negation, the tree grafting procedure is general and supports other types of semantic information. We exploit this capability by including named entities, produced by a pre-existing tagger, in addition to the MN elements produced by the taggers described here. The resulting system significantly outperformed a linguistically naive baseline model (Hiero), and reached the highest scores yet reported on the NIST 2009 Urdu–English test set. This finding supports the hypothesis that both syntactic and semantic information can improve translation quality. ; This work was supported, in part, by the Johns Hopkins Human Language Technology Center of Excellence (HLTCOE), by the National Science Foundation under grant IIS-0713448, and by BBN Technologies under GALE DARPA/IPTO contract no. HR0011-06-C-0022. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsor.
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Keyword:
artificial intelligence; computational linguistics; computer science; human language technology; machine translation; modality; natural language processing; negation; semantically-informed machine translation; statistical machine translation; statistical methods; translation technology
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URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1903/15547
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Citation Handling: Processing Citation Texts in Scientific Documents
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Citation Handling for Improved Summarization of Scientific Documents
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Semantically-Informed Syntactic Machine Translation: A Tree-Grafting Approach ...
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The Circle of Meaning: From Translation to Paraphrasing and Back
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Semantically-Informed Syntactic Machine Translation: A Tree-Grafting Approach
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