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Finding the words: comparing the progression of semantic feature analysis and phonological components analysis in adults with post-stroke aphasia
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Language choices and experiences of parents raising bilingual or multilingual children in Canada
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Nonword repetition and sequential memory in children aged 7-12 and adults – differential effects of bilingualism ; developmental language disorders ; and the role of development
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Growing up bilingual:examining the language input and word segmentation abilities of bilingual infants
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Abstract:
Infants' early language experiences play a critical role on their language development. In this dissertation ; I explored the nature of this relationship in a bilingual context. Specifically ; I investigated how bilingual caregivers are providing language input to their infants ; and how global measures of this bilingual experience affect early word segmentation (i.e. ; the ability to recognize words in a sentential context). This work is important for understanding the factors that contribute to the developmental trajectory and processing capacities of bilingual infants. In the first part of this dissertation ; I assessed research methods for examining the language input to bilingual infants. To do so ; I recruited twenty-one French-English bilingual families with a 10-month-old infant from Montréal ; Canada. These families completed language interviews and contributed three full-day recordings at home using the LENA (Language Environment Analysis) recording system. Chapter 2 provides support for using the LENA recording system for investigating the language input in bilingual infants ; and Chapter 3 shows that caregivers are reliable at describing their infants' language experience at home. Next ; I described the variability in language experiences within bilingual infants ; and how these language experiences might affect word segmentation. In Chapter 4 ; I recruited 8- and 10-month-old infants from monolingual and bilingual homes. Our findings confirm that monolingual infants can segment bisyllabic words in their native language ; but not a non-native language. Critically ; our findings reveal that some bilingual infants are able to segment bisyllabic words in both of their native languages by 8-months of age. Interestingly ; exploratory analyses suggest that infants' word segmentation skills in our dual-language task are bolstered if they hear more language mixing from their caregivers. In sum ; this dissertation contributes to the growing literature that highlights the wide variability in bilingual language experiences ; and their effects on early speech processing skills. Indeed ; examining the language experiences and skills of bilingual-learning infants provides us with a unique lens for investigating language acquisition and development. ; Les expériences linguistiques précoces des bébés jouent un rôle important dans leur développement langagier. Dans cette dissertation ; j'ai exploré la nature de cette relation dans un contexte bilingue. Plus précisément ; j'ai étudié comment les parents bilingues fournissent l'apport langagier à leurs bébés ; et comment des mesures globales de cette exposition bilingue influencent la segmentation précoce des mots (c.-à-d. la capacité de reconnaitre des formes de mots dans le contexte de phrases). Les présents travaux sont importants afin de mieux comprendre les facteurs qui contribuent à la trajectoire développementale et aux capacités de traitement des bébés bilingues. Dans la première partie de cette dissertation ; j'ai comparé des méthodes de recherche servant à l'observation de l'apport langagier chez les bébés bilingues. Pour ce faire ; j'ai recruté vingt-et-une familles bilingues en français et en anglais de Montréal ; Canada ; ayant un bébé de 10 mois. Ces familles ont pris part à des entrevues sur le langage et ont contribué trois journées entières d'enregistrements à la maison en utilisant le système d'enregistrement LENA ("Language Environment Analysis" ; ou analyse de l'environnement langagier). Le Chapitre 2 soutient l'utilisation du système d'enregistrement LENA pour l'étude de l'apport langagier chez les bébés bilingues ; et le Chapitre 3 démontre que les parents décrivent l'exposition langagière de leurs enfants à la maison de façon juste.Ensuite ; j'ai décrit la variabilité observée dans les expériences langagières parmi les bébés bilingues et j'ai discuté la façon dont ces expériences langagières peuvent possiblement influencer la segmentation des mots. Dans le Chapitre 4 ; j'ai recruté des bébés de 8 et 10 mois de familles unilingues et bilingues. Nos résultats confirment que les bébés unilingues peuvent segmenter des mots à deux syllabes dans leur langue maternelle ; mais pas dans une langue n'étant pas leur langue maternelle. Crucialement, nos résultats révèlent que les bébés bilingues peuvent ; dès l'âge de 8 mois ; segmenter des mots à deux syllabes dans chacune de leurs langues maternelles. Il est intéressant de noter que des analyses exploratoires suggèrent que dans notre tâche langagière bilingue ; la capacité de segmentation de mots des bébés est renforcée si ceux-ci entendent plus de mélanges de langues par leurs parents.Pour conclure ; cette dissertation contribue à la littérature de plus en plus abondante mettant l'accent sur la grande variabilité en ce qui a trait aux expériences langagières bilingues et leurs effets sur les capacités de traitement précoce du langage. En effet ; l'exploration des expériences langagières et habiletés des bébés bilingues nous offre une occasion unique d'étudier l'acquisition et le développement du langage.
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Keyword:
Communications Sciences & Disorders
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URL: http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=163315
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An event-related brain potential (ERP) study on cross-modal action/verb and grammatical number matching in French: Adult control data for a follow-up study on developmental language impairment (DLI)
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The importance of lexical information for speech plasticity in older adults
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Comparing alternative prepractice conditions in the treatment of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) using a single subject randomization design
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The linguistic and cognitive effects of bilingualism on children with autism spectrum disorders
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Beyond vocabulary size: Depth of vocabulary in bilingual children and the role of language experience
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Preschoolers with diverse language competencies interacting around stories in print and electronic format: a process-oriented description
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Down syndrome and childhood apraxia of speech: matching a unique psycholinguistic profile to an effective treatment program
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Can a short parent questionnaire be helpful for correctly identifying children with and without specific language impairment?
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Bilingual language control: Effects of cognitive aging ; word status and individual differences in executive functions
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A critical re-evaluation of Friederici's (2002) sentence processing model with particular consideration of task effects ; item effects ; and inter-individual differences
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Speech and auditory brainstem processing in Parkinson's disease
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Language-impaired children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and children with specific language impairment: similar language abilities but distinct memory profiles
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The case of the non-native-like first-language: neurophysiological investigations of first-language attrition and second-language processing
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Integrated Training for Aphasia: An Application ofPart–Whole Learning to Treat Lexical Retrieval, Sentence Production, and Discourse-Level Communications inThree Cases of Nonfluent Aphasia
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In: Communicative Disorders and Deaf Education Faculty Publications (2014)
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