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The education word gap emerges by 18 months: findings from an Australian prospective study
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Abstract:
Background The idea of the '30 million word gap' suggests families from more socioeconomically advantaged backgrounds engage in more verbal interactions with their child than disadvantaged families. Initial findings from the Language in Little Ones (LiLO) study up to 12 months showed no word gap between maternal education groups. Methods Families with either high or low maternal education were purposively recruited into a five-year prospective study. We report results from the first three waves of LiLO when children were 6, 12 and 18 months old. Day-long audio recordings, obtained using the Language Environment Analysis software, provided counts of adult words spoken to the child, child vocalizations and conversational turns. Results By the time children were 18 months old all three measures of talk were 0.5 to 0.7 SD higher among families with more education, but with large variation within education groups. Changes in talk from 6 to 18 months highlighted that families from low educated backgrounds were decreasing the amount they spoke to their children (- 4219.54, 95% CI -6054.13, - 2384.95), compared to families from high educated backgrounds who remained relatively stable across this age period (- 369.13, 95% CI - 2344.57, 1606.30). Conclusions The socioeconomic word gap emerges between 12 and 18 months of age. Interventions to enhance maternal communication, child vocalisations and vocabulary development should begin prior to 18 months. ; Mary E. Brushe, John Lynch, Sheena Reilly, Edward Melhuish, Murthy N. Mittinty and Sally A. Brinkman
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Keyword:
Adult; Australia; Child; Early childhood development; Humans; Inequality; Infant; Language; Language Development; Parent talk; Prospective Studies; Vocabulary; Word gap
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URL: https://hdl.handle.net/2440/133762 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-021-02712-1
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How many words are Australian children hearing in the first year of life?
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A replicable, low-burden mechanism for observing, recording and analysing mother-child interaction in population research
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Associations between maternal responsive linguistic input and child language performance at age 4 in a community-based sample of slow-to-talk toddlers
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CATALISE: A multinational and multidisciplinary Delphi consensus study. Identifying language impairments in children
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Language outcomes of children with cerebral palsy aged 5 years and 6 years: a population-based study
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CATALISE: A multinational and multidisciplinary Delphi consensus study. Identifying language impairments in children
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In: PLoS ONE , 11 (7) , Article e0158753. (2016) (2016)
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CATALISE: A multinational and multidisciplinary Delphi consensus study. Identifying language impairments in children
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Levers for Language Growth: Characteristics and Predictors of Language Trajectories between 4 and 7 Years
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Feasibility of automated speech sample collection with stuttering children using interactive voice response (IVR) technology
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Two-year outcomes of a population-based intervention for preschool language delay: An RCT
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Terminological debate over language impairment in children: forward movement and sticking points.
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In: Symplectic Elements at Oxford ; Europe PubMed Central ; PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/) ; Web of Science (Lite) (http://apps.webofknowledge.com/summary.do) ; Scopus (http://www.scopus.com/home.url) ; CrossRef (2014)
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Profiles of language development in pre-school children: a longitudinal latent class analysis of data from the Early Language in Victoria Study: Profiles of pre-school language development
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In: Child: Care, Health and Development, Vol. 38, no. 3 (May 2012), pp. 341-349 (2012)
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Profiles of language development in pre-school children : a longitudinal latent class analysis of data from the early language in Victoria study
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Outcomes of population based language promotion for slow to talk toddlers at ages 2 and 3 years: Let's Learn Language cluster randomised controlled trial
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The early language in Victoria study: predicting vocabulary at age one and two years from gesture and object use
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The early language in Victoria study : predicting vocabulary at age one and two years from gesture and object use
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In: Journal of Child Language, 35(3): 687-701 (2008)
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The Early Language in Victoria Study: Predicting vocabulary at age one and two years from gesture and object use
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In: Journal of Child Language, Vol. 35, no. 3 (Aug 2008), pp. 687-701 (2008)
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Predicting language at 2 years of age: a prospective community study
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In: Pediatrics, Vol. 120, no. 6 (Dec 2007), pp. e1441-e1449 (2007)
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