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Megaxyela fulvago Stephan M. Blank & Katja Kramp & David R. Smith & Yuri N. Sundukov & Meicai Wei & Akihiko Shinohara 2017, sp. nov. ...
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Megaxyela euchroma Stephan M. Blank & Katja Kramp & David R. Smith & Yuri N. Sundukov & Meicai Wei & Akihiko Shinohara 2017, sp. nov. ...
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Megaxyela fulvago Stephan M. Blank & Katja Kramp & David R. Smith & Yuri N. Sundukov & Meicai Wei & Akihiko Shinohara 2017, sp. nov. ...
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Megaxyela euchroma Stephan M. Blank & Katja Kramp & David R. Smith & Yuri N. Sundukov & Meicai Wei & Akihiko Shinohara 2017, sp. nov. ...
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Speaker-Sex Discrimination for Voiced and Whispered Vowels at Short Durations
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Pristaulacus thailandensis Turrisi & Smith 2011, sp. nov. ...
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Pristaulacus thailandensis Turrisi & Smith 2011, sp. nov. ...
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How the Human Brain Recognizes Speech in the Context of Changing Speakers
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Discrimination of speaker sex and size when glottal-pulse rate and vocal-tract length are controlleda)
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The processing and perception of size information in speech soundsa)
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Abstract:
There is information in speech sounds about the length of the vocal tract; specifically, as a child grows, the resonators in the vocal tract grow and the formant frequencies of the vowels decrease. It has been hypothesized that the auditory system applies a scale transform to all sounds to segregate size information from resonator shape information, and thereby enhance both size perception and speech recognition [Irino and Patterson, Speech Commun. 36, 181-203 (2002)]. This paper describes size discrimination experiments and vowel recognition experiments designed to provide evidence for an auditory scaling mechanism. Vowels were scaled to represent people with vocal tracts much longer and shorter than normal, and with pitches much higher and lower than normal. The results of the discrimination experiments show that listeners can make fine judgments about the relative size of speakers, and they can do so for vowels scaled well beyond the normal range. Similarly, the recognition experiments show good performance for vowels in the normal range, and for vowels scaled well beyond the normal range of experience. Together, the experiments support the hypothesis that the auditory system automatically normalizes for the size information in communication sounds.
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Keyword:
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URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15704423 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2346562
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The interaction of glottal-pulse rate and vocal-tract length in judgements of speaker size, sex, and agea)
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Rater consistency and judgment in the direct assessment of second language writing ability within the certificates in spoken and written English
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