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Inscriptions, Hieroglyphs, Linguistics… and Beyond! The Corpus of Classic Mayan as an Ontological Information Resource ...
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A 6-Letter ‘DNA’ for Baskets with Handles
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In: Mathematics ; Volume 7 ; Issue 2 (2019)
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Neural Encoding and Production of Functional Morphemes in the Posterior Temporal Lobe
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Depth of Encoding Through Observed Gestures in Foreign Language Word Learning
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Similarity-based interference in agreement comprehension and production: Evidence from object agreement
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In: ISSN: 1939-1285 ; Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, Vol. 46, No 1 (2019) pp. 170-188 (2019)
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The relationship between sentence meaning and word order: Evidence from structural priming in German
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Neural Encoding of Continuous Attended Speech in Monolingual and Bilingual Listeners
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Abstract:
Humans are capable of learning multiple languages without major difficulty, especially at an early age. While this brings obvious advantages such as intercultural communication and enhanced career prospects, bilingualism has also been linked to changes to selective attention and inhibition of unwanted information. Although behavioural differences between monolinguals and bilinguals on tasks of selective attention remain controversial, the experience of learning and using a second language undoubtedly represents a major environmental demand that can impact the way the brain selects and processes information. Here, I investigate how bilingualism influences the neural mechanisms of selective attention to speech, and whether this is further affected by the age of acquisition of a second language, and typological similarity between the two languages. These questions are addressed in four experiments by investigating the neural encoding of continuous attended speech under different types of linguistic and non-linguistic interference in monolinguals, Spanish-English and Dutch-English early bilinguals, and Spanish-English late bilinguals. In a dichotic-listening paradigm that was kept constant across the four experiments, participants attended to a narrative in their native language presented to one ear, while ignoring interference presented to the other ear. Four different types of interference were presented to the unattended ear: a different narrative in their native language (Native-Native), a narrative in a language unknown to the listener (Native-Unknown), a well-matched non-linguistic acoustic interference (Native-Musical Rain), and no interference. The neural activity was recorded by a dense array 128-channel EEG system and cross-correlated with the speech envelopes for both attended and unattended streams for each participant group separately. Results were also directly compared across the groups using multivariate Representational Similarity Analysis (RSA). Monolingual results indicated that there was significantly more robust neural encoding for the attended envelopes than the ignored ones across all conditions. The type of interference significantly modulated the encoding of attended speech, with the strongest encoding seen when the interference was in the same known language and weakest when the interference was non-linguistic noise. Equivalent analyses on Spanish-English and Dutch-English early bilinguals also showed stronger neural encoding for attended than for unattended speech. However, in contrast to the results seen in monolinguals, the type of distractor did not modulate the strength of encoding of the attended stream in either of the bilingual groups. Results also showed a subtle difference in the neural encoding of attended and unattended speech between bilinguals who speak typologically similar languages (Dutch-English) and those who speak a combination of typologically less similar languages (Spanish-English). Experiment 4 tested the same effects on late Spanish- English bilinguals. Consistent with the early bilingual results, late bilinguals also showed stronger neural encoding for attended than for unattended speech and no enhancement of the attended signal depending on the type of interference. However, late bilinguals dissociated native language interference with a different time-course from early bilinguals, suggesting further modification of the top-down mechanisms of selective attention. Importantly, all these effects were observed in the absence of significant behavioural differences between the groups. Taken together, results indicate that bilingualism modulates the neural mechanisms of selective attention, while still providing the basis for optimal behavioural performance. This modulation is further shaped by the age of acquisition and the typological similarity of a bilingual’s two languages, which reflects life-long experience with resolving competition between more or less similar competitors. Findings from all four experiments are interpreted in the context of theories of selective attention and bilingualism.
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Keyword:
attention; attention to speech; auditory attention; bilingualism; continuous speech; cortical entrainment; early bilinguals; electroencephalography; language similarity; late bilinguals; neural encoding; Representational Similarity Analysis; second language age of acquisition; selective attention; selective attention to speech; typological similarity
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URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/293601
https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.40727
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Enhancing Cognitive and Linguistic Processes of Individuals with a History of TBI
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In: Doctoral Dissertations (2019)
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The benefits and boundary conditions of drawing on episodic memory
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Deep collaborative discrete hashing with semantic-invariant structure
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THE INFLUENCES OF CULTURE AND THE SELF ON CHILDREN’S MEMORY ENCODING AND DELAYED RETRIEVAL
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In: Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive) (2019)
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The Diachronic Spanish Sonnet Corpus (DISCO): TEI and Linked Open Data Encoding, Data Distribution and Metrical Findings
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In: Digital Humanities 2018 ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02420507 ; Digital Humanities 2018, Jun 2018, Mexico, Mexico. pp.486-489, ⟨10.5281/zenodo.1012567⟩ (2018)
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Bridging the Gaps between Digital Humanities, Lexicography, and Linguistics: A TEI Dictionary for the Documentation of Mixtepec-Mixtec
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In: ISSN: 2160-5076 ; Dictionaries: Journal of the Dictionary Society of North America ; https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01968871 ; Dictionaries: Journal of the Dictionary Society of North America, Dictionary Society of North America, 2018, 39 (2), pp.79-106 (2018)
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Seeing the Heiltsuk orthography from font encoding through to Unicode: A case study using convertextract
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In: Proceedings of the LREC 2018 Workshop “CCURL 2018 – Sustaining knowledge diversity in the digital age” ; https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-03083363 ; Claudia Soria; Laurent Besacier; Laurette Pretorius. Proceedings of the LREC 2018 Workshop “CCURL 2018 – Sustaining knowledge diversity in the digital age”, European Language Resources Association, pp.27-30, 2018, 979-10-95546-22-1 ; http://www.ilc.cnr.it/ccurl2018/ (2018)
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Обзор алгоритмов фонетического кодирования ... : Overview of phonetic encoding algorithms ...
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TEI P5: Guidelines for Electronic Text Encoding and Interchange ...
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How to think before you speak: getting from abstract thoughts to sentences ...
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Do, Monica Lynn. - : University of Southern California Digital Library (USC.DL), 2018
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