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Mandatory dichotic integration of second-formant information: Contralateral sine bleats have predictable effects on consonant place judgments
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Informational masking and the effects of differences in fundamental frequency and fundamental-frequency contour on phonetic integration in a formant ensemble
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Across-formant integration and speech intelligibility:effects of acoustic source properties in the presence and absence of a contralateral interferer
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Acoustic source characteristics, across-formant integration, and speech intelligibility under competitive conditions
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Acoustic Source Characteristics, Across-Formant Integration, and Speech Intelligibility Under Competitive Conditions
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Abstract:
An important aspect of speech perception is the ability to group or select formants using cues in the acoustic source characteristics—for example, fundamental frequency (F0) differences between formants promote their segregation. This study explored the role of more radical differences in source characteristics. Three-formant (F1+F2+F3) synthetic speech analogues were derived from natural sentences. In Experiment 1, F1+F3 were generated by passing a harmonic glottal source (F0 = 140 Hz) through second-order resonators (H1+H3); in Experiment 2, F1+F3 were tonal (sine-wave) analogues (T1+T3). F2 could take either form (H2 or T2). In some conditions, the target formants were presented alone, either monaurally or dichotically (left ear = F1+F3; right ear = F2). In others, they were accompanied by a competitor for F2 (F1+F2C+F3; F2), which listeners must reject to optimize recognition. Competitors (H2C or T2C) were created using the time-reversed frequency and amplitude contours of F2. Dichotic presentation of F2 and F2C ensured that the impact of the competitor arose primarily through informational masking. In the absence of F2C, the effect of a source mismatch between F1+F3 and F2 was relatively modest. When F2C was present, intelligibility was lowest when F2 was tonal and F2C was harmonic, irrespective of which type matched F1+F3. This finding suggests that source type and context, rather than similarity, govern the phonetic contribution of a formant. It is proposed that wideband harmonic analogues are more effective informational maskers than narrowband tonal analogues, and so become dominant in across-frequency integration of phonetic information when placed in competition.
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URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25751040 https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0000038 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4445382/
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Formant-Frequency Variation and Informational Masking of Speech by Extraneous Formants: Evidence Against Dynamic and Speech-Specific Acoustical Constraints
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Formant-frequency variation and its effects on across-formant grouping in speech perception
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The intelligibility of noise-vocoded speech:spectral information available from across-channel comparison of amplitude envelopes
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Effects of the Rate of Formant-Frequency Variation on the Grouping of Formants in Speech Perception
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The intelligibility of noise-vocoded speech: spectral information available from across-channel comparison of amplitude envelopes
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Auditory processing and the development of language and literacy
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