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A novel image-based approach for interactive characterization of rock fracture spacing in a tunnel face
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Abstract:
This paper presents a novel integrated method for interactive characterization of fracture spacing in rock tunnel sections. The main procedure includes four steps: (1) Automatic extraction of fracture traces, (2) digitization of trace maps, (3) disconnection and grouping of traces, and (4) interactive measurement of fracture set spacing, total spacing, and surface rock quality designation (S-RQD) value. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, sample images were obtained by employing a photogrammetry-based scheme in tunnel faces. Experiments were then conducted to determine the optimal parameter values (i.e. distance threshold, angle threshold, and number of fracture trace grouping) for characterizing rock fracture spacing. By applying the identified optimal parameters involved in the model, the proposed method could lead to excellent qualitative results to a new tunnel face. To perform a quantitative analysis, three methods (i.e. field, straightening, and the proposed method) were employed in the same study and comparisons were made. The proposed method agrees well with the field measurement in terms of the maximum and average values of measured spacing distribution. Overall, the proposed method has reasonably good accuracy and interactive advantage for estimating the ultimate fracture spacing and S-RQD. It can be a possible extension of existing methods for fracture spacing characterization for two-dimensional (2D) rock tunnel faces.
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URL: https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/182736/ https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/182736/1/1-s2.0-S167477552100192X-main.pdf
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Translanguaging and embodied teaching and learning: lessons from a multilingual karate club in London
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Code-switching and language control
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In: BILINGUALISM-LANGUAGE AND COGNITION , 19 (5) pp. 883-884. (2016) (2016)
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"Where are you really from?": Nationality and Ethnicity Talk (NET) in everyday interactions
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In: Applied Linguistics Review , 7 (4) pp. 449-470. (2016) (2016)
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Recent advances on singlemodal and multimodal face recognition : A survey
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Zhou,H; Mian,A; Wei,L. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc, 2014
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A control process model of code-switching
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In: LANGUAGE COGNITION AND NEUROSCIENCE , 29 (4) 499 - 511. (2014) (2014)
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Who’s teaching whom? Co-learning in multilingual classrooms
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In: In: The Multilingual Turn: Implications for SLA, TESOL and Bilingual Education. (pp. 167-190). (2013) (2013)
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Language shift and host society attitudes: Dutch migrants who arrived in New Zealand between 1950 and 1965
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Conceptual and Methodological Issues in Bilingualism and Multilingualism Research
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In: In: The Handbook of Bilingualism and Multilingualism: Second Edition. (pp. 26-51). (2012) (2012)
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The Blackwell Guide to Research Methods in Bilingualism and Multilingualism
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In: (2009) (2009)
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Research Perspectives on Bilingualism and Multilingualism
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In: In: The Blackwell Guide to Research Methods in Bilingualism and Multilingualism. (pp. 1-17). (2009) (2009)
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Control of speech in bilinguals,Reprint of Control, activation and resource: a framework and a model for the control of speech in bilinguals. Brain & Language, 1986, 27, 210-223 with Post-script
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In: In: Wei, L, (ed.) The Bilingualism Reader. (pp. 371-383). Routledge (2007) (2007)
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Unequal election of morphemes in adult second language acquisition
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Wei, L. - : Oxford University Press, 2000
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Contol, activation and resource: a framework and a model for the control of speech in bilinguals
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In: In: Wei, L, (ed.) The Bilingualism Reader. (pp. 407-419). Routledge: London & New York. (2000) (2000)
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Speech disorder in preschool children exposed to Cantonese and English
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