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Neural Systems Predicting Long-Term Outcome in Dyslexia
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In: PNAS (2010)
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Neural systems predicting long-term outcome in dyslexia
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Hoeft, Fumiko; McCandliss, Bruce D.; Black, Jessica M.; Gantman, Alexander; Zakerani, Nahal; Hulme, Charles; Lyytinen, Heikki; Whitfield-Gabrieli, Susan; Glover, Gary H.; Reiss, Allan L.; Gabrieli, John D. E.. - : National Academy of Sciences, 2010
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Abstract:
Individuals with developmental dyslexia vary in their ability to improve reading skills, but the brain basis for improvement remains largely unknown. We performed a prospective, longitudinal study over 2.5 y in children with dyslexia (n = 25) or without dyslexia (n = 20) to discover whether initial behavioral or brain measures, including functional MRI (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), can predict future long-term reading gains in dyslexia. No behavioral measure, including widely used and standardized reading and language tests, reliably predicted future reading gains in dyslexia. Greater right prefrontal activation during a reading task that demanded phonological awareness and right superior longitudinal fasciculus (including arcuate fasciculus) white-matter organization significantly predicted future reading gains in dyslexia. Multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) of these two brain measures, using linear support vector machine (SVM) and cross-validation, predicted significantly above chance (72% accuracy) which particular child would or would not improve reading skills (behavioral measures were at chance). MVPA of whole-brain activation pattern during phonological processing predicted which children with dyslexia would improve reading skills 2.5 y later with >90% accuracy. These findings identify right prefrontal brain mechanisms that may be critical for reading improvement in dyslexia and that may differ from typical reading development. Brain measures that predict future behavioral outcomes (neuroprognosis) may be more accurate, in some cases, than available behavioral measures.
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Keyword:
Biological Sciences
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URL: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1008950108 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21173250 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3017159
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Switching language switches mind: linguistic effects on developmental neural bases of 'Theory of Mind'
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Switching language switches mind: linguistic effects on developmental neural bases of'Theory of Mind'
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Switching language switches mind: linguistic effects on developmental neural bases of ‘Theory of Mind’
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Assessing the influence of scanner background noise on auditory processing. I. An fMRI study comparing three experimental designs with varying degrees of scanner noise
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Cultural and linguistic effects on neural bases of ‘Theory of Mind’ in American and Japanese children
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