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US-amerikanische Jiddische und Pennsylvania-Deutsche Medien zwischen lokaler Verankerung und Transnationalisierung
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In: ISSN: 0014-2115 ; EISSN: 2426-5543 ; Etudes Germaniques ; https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-03559078 ; Etudes Germaniques, Klincksieck, 2022, Les études germaniques et le transnational : enjeux d’un questionnement scientifique et épistémologique, 76 (3), pp.379-398 (2022)
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Abstract:
International audience ; Among Germanic Heritage languages in the US, Pennsylvania German and Yiddish belong to the very few varieties whose future does not look bleak, due to the demographics of dialect-speaking religious groups. However, the downfall of secular speaker communities raises considerable challenges for groups aiming at the defense and promotion of both languages. This paper is concerned with the strategies implemented by the Yiddish secular online-paper Der Forverts, the heterodox Hasidic magazine Der Veker and the Pennsylvania German organ Hiwwe wie Driwwe to foster a common linguistic and cultural identity rooted in the transnational background of dialect speakers while taking a non-sectarian stance. The paper is divided into three parts: a presentation of the linguistic and demographic situation of both minorities; a general analysis of the construction of Yiddish resp. Pennsylvania German identity in the three publications under consideration; and a discussion of the role played by linguistic and literary ausbau in the pursuit of non-sectarian transnational identity ; Parmi les langues germaniques d’héritage parlées aux États-Unis, le yiddish et l’allemand de Pennsylvanie se distinguent par la démographie de groupes religieux dialectophones orthodoxes, qui garantissent la survie de la langue d’héritage tout en posant un défi identitaire aux groupes de promotion de la langue et de la culture traditionnelle qui ne s’inscrivent pas dans une perspective confessionnelle. L’article étudie le cas de trois publications rédigées dans ces variétés linguistiques minoritaires, l’une en allemand de Pennsylvanie (Hiwwe wie Driwwe), les deux autres en yiddish (Forverts, journal socialiste et laïque, et Der Veker, revue hassidique non-sectaire). Ces trois publications tentent de promouvoir une identité transnationale attachée à la pratique de la variété linguistique concernée et située au-dessus des clivages confessionnels. Le propos est structuré en trois parties : après une présentation de la situation sociolinguistique des langues évoquées, on s’intéresse à la stratégie d’affirmation culturelle à la fois locale et transnationale mise en œuvre par ces revues, avant de se pencher sur la place spécifique de l’ausbau linguistique dans cet agenda.
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Keyword:
[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics; allemand de Pennsylvanie; contemporary US history; Heritage languages; histoire américaine contemporaine; Jiddisch; langues d’héritage; media; médias; Medien; Mehrsprachigkeit; Minderheitensprachen; multilingualism; multilinguisme; Pennsylvania German; Pennsylvanisch-Deutsch; sociolinguistics; sociolinguistique; Soziolinguistik; US-amerikanische Zeitgeschichte; Yiddish
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URL: https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-03559078
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