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Fat talk is predicted by body dissatisfaction and social comparison with no interaction effect: Evidence from two replication studies
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The neurocognitive basis of knowledge about object identity and events: dissociations reflect opposing effects of semantic coherence and control
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In: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci (2020)
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The neurocognitive basis of knowledge about object identity and events: Dissociations reflect opposing effects of semantic coherence and control
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Abstract:
Semantic memory encompasses knowledge of specific objects and their diverse associations, but the mechanisms that allow us to retrieve aspects of knowledge required for a given task are poorly understood. The Dual Hub theory suggests that separate semantic stores represent knowledge of (i) taxonomic categories (in the anterior temporal lobes, ATL) and (ii) thematic associations (in angular gyrus, AG or posterior middle temporal gyrus, pMTG). Alternatively, the Controlled Semantic Cognition (CSC) framework suggests that semantic processing emerges from the flexible interaction of heteromodal semantic representations in ATL with a semantic control network, which includes pMTG as well as prefrontal regions. According to this view, ATL supports patterns of coherent auto-associative retrieval, while semantic control sites respond when ongoing conceptual activation needs to be altered to suit the task or context. These theories make different predictions about the nature of functional dissociations within the semantic network. We review evidence for these claims across multiple methods. First, we show ATL is sensitive to the strength of thematic associations as well as taxonomic relations. Next, we document functional dissociations between AG and pMTG: rather than these regions acting as comparable thematic hubs, AG is allied to the default mode network and supports more ‘automatic’ retrieval, while pMTG responds when control demands are high. However, the semantic control network, including pMTG, also shows a greater response to events/actions and verbs, supporting the claims of both theories. We propose that tasks tapping event semantics often require greater shaping of conceptual retrieval than comparison tasks, since these elements of our knowledge are inherently flexible, with relevant features depending on the context. In this way, the CSC account might be able to account for findings that suggest both a process and a content distinction within the semantic network.
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Keyword:
Biophysics and Biochemistry; C700 Molecular Biology; C800 Psychology
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URL: http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/39815/
https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0300
http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/39815/1/Phil%20Trans%20Roy%20Soc%20B_accepted.pdf
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The neurocognitive basis of knowledge about object identity and events: Dissociations reflect opposing effects of semantic coherence and control
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Individual differences in verbal short-term memory and reading aloud: Semantic compensation for weak phonological processing across tasks
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rTMS evidence for a dissociation in short-term memory for spoken words and nonwords
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Context-dependent lexical ambiguity resolution: MEG evidence for the time-course of activity in left inferior frontal gyrus and posterior middle temporal gyrus
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rTMS evidence for a dissociation in short-term memory for spoken words and nonwords
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Individual differences in verbal short-term memory and reading aloud : semantic compensation fo weak phonological processing across tasks
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Context-dependent lexical ambiguity resolution: MEG evidence for the time-course of activity in left inferior frontal gyrus and posterior middle temporal gyrus
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Context-dependent lexical ambiguity resolution: MEG evidence for the time-course of activity in left inferior frontal gyrus and posterior middle temporal gyrus
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Attentional shifting and the role of the dorsal pathway in visual word recognition
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In: Neuropsychologia (2015)
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Symbol-string sensitivity and adult performance in lexical decision
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In: Brain and Language (2015)
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Early Activity in Broca's Area During Reading Reflects Fast Access to Articulatory Codes From Print
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In: ISSN: 1047-3211 ; EISSN: 1460-2199 ; Cerebral Cortex ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01432370 ; Cerebral Cortex, Oxford University Press (OUP), 2015, 25 (7), pp.1715-1723. ⟨10.1093/cercor/bht350⟩ (2015)
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Symbol-string sensitivity and adult performance in lexical decision
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In: Brain and Language (2015)
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Phase Coupling in a Cerebro-Cerebellar Network at 8-13 Hz during Reading
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In: Cerebral Cortex (2015)
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Phase Coupling in a Cerebro-Cerebellar Network at 8-13 Hz during Reading
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In: Cerebral Cortex (2015)
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Attentional shifting and the role of the dorsal pathway in visual word recognition
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In: Neuropsychologia (2015)
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Automatic and Controlled Semantic Retrieval: TMS Reveals Distinct Contributions of Posterior Middle Temporal Gyrus and Angular Gyrus
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Early Activity in Broca's Area During Reading Reflects Fast Access to Articulatory Codes From Print
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