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The Negations of Conjunctions, Conditionals, and Disjunctions
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In: DTIC (2014)
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Negating compound sentences
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In: DTIC (2012)
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Abstract:
How do reasoners negate compound sentences, such as conjunctions of the form A and B and disjunctions of the form A or B or both? A theory based on mental models posits that reasoners negate each clause independently, and enumerate the various possibilities consistent with the negation. It makes a novel prediction: negations of conjunctions should be more difficult to comprehend than negations of disjunctions. Two experiments corroborate the prediction. Experiment 1 tested participants' ability to comprehend sentential negations by giving them assertions of the form: Bob denied that he wore a yellow shirt and he wore blue pants on Tuesday. Participants selected the clothing options that Bob possibly wore on Tuesday. Experiment 2 gave participants descriptions such as Bob loves Mary or Mary loves John or both, and they were required to formulate a denial by completing a sentence that started with No, . In both studies, participants' responses were more accurate for denials of disjunctions than denials of conjunctions. ; Prepared in collaboration with Departamento de Psicolog a Cognitiva, Universidad de la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain and the Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (34th) held in Sapporo, Japan on 1- 4 August 2012 and published in proceedings of the same, p575-580. See also ADA569113, Building Bridges Across Cognitive Sciences Around the World, Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (34th) held in Sapporo, Japan on 1- 4 August 2012. U.S. Government or Federal Purpose Rights License.
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Keyword:
*REASONING; CONJUNCTIONS; DISJUNCTIONS; ENUMERATIVE NEGATION; Linguistics; MENTAL MODELS; Psychology; SEMANTICS; SENTENTIAL NEGATION
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URL: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA577259
http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA577259
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