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Dissociable effects of prediction and integration during language comprehension: Evidence from a large-scale study using brain potentials
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Dissociable effects of prediction and integration during language comprehension: evidence from a large-scale study using brain potentials
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In: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci (2020)
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Large-scale replication study reveals a limit on probabilistic prediction in language comprehension
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Large-scale replication study reveals a limit on probabilistic prediction in language comprehension
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Kazanina, Nina; Politzer-Ahles, Stephen; Busch-Moreno, Simon; Ferguson, Heather J; Rueschemeyer, Shirley-Ann; Tuomainen, Jyrki; Huettig, Falk; Kohút, Zdenko; Husband, E Matthew; Barr, Dale J; Bartolozzi, Federica; Rousselet, Guillaume A; Donaldson, David I.; Heyselaar, Evelien; Von Grebmer Zu Wolfsthurn, Sarah; Fu, Xiao; Ito, Aine; Nieuwland, Mante S; Kulakova, Eugenia; Segaert, Katrien; Kogan, Vita; Darley, Emily; Mézière, Diane. - 2018
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Abstract:
Do people routinely pre-activate the meaning and even the phonological form of upcoming words? The most acclaimed evidence for phonological prediction comes from a 2005 Nature Neuroscience publication by DeLong, Urbach and Kutas, who observed a graded modulation of electrical brain potentials (N400) to nouns and preceding articles by the probability that people use a word to continue the sentence fragment ('cloze'). In our direct replication study spanning 9 laboratories (N=334), pre-registered replication-analyses and exploratory Bayes factor analyses successfully replicated the noun-results but, crucially, not the article-results. Pre-registered single-trial analyses also yielded a statistically significant effect for the nouns but not the articles. Exploratory Bayesian single-trial analyses showed that the article-effect may be non-zero but is likely far smaller than originally reported and too small to observe without very large sample sizes. Our results do not support the view that readers routinely pre-activate the phonological form of predictable words.
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URL: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.33468 https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/130281/ https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/130281/1/elife_33468_v2.pdf
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Large-scale replication study reveals a limit on probabilistic prediction in language comprehension
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Large-scale replication study reveals a limit on probabilistic prediction in language comprehension
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Large-scale replication study reveals a limit on probabilistic prediction in language comprehension
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