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21
Towards the Analysis of Fan Fictions in German Language: Exploration of a Corpus from the Platform Archive of Our Own
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22
Exploring Multimodal Sentiment Analysis in Plays: A Case Study for a Theater Recording of Emilia Galotti
Schmidt, Thomas; Wolff, Christian. - : CEUR Workshop Proceedings (CEUR-WS.org), 2021
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23
Exploring Online Depression Forums via Text Mining: A Comparison of Reddit and a Curated Online Forum
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24
Entwicklung und Evaluation eines Tools zur lexikonbasierten Sentiment Analysis für die Digital Humanities
Dangel, Johanna. - 2021
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25
Comparing Live Sentiment Annotation of Movies via Arduino and a Slider with Textual Annotation of Subtitles
Schmidt, Thomas; Engl, Isabella; Halbhuber, David. - : CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 2021
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26
Using Deep Learning for Emotion Analysis of 18th and 19th Century German Plays
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27
Lexicon-based Sentiment Analysis in German: Systematic Evaluation of Resources and Preprocessing Techniques
Schmidt, Thomas; Wolff, Christian; Fehle, Jakob. - : KONVENS 2021 Organizers, 2021
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28
Emotion Classification in German Plays with Transformer-based Language Models Pretrained on Historical and Contemporary Language
Schmidt, Thomas; Dennerlein, Katrin; Wolff, Christian. - : Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021
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29
Towards a Corpus of Historical German Plays with Emotion Annotations
Schmidt, Thomas; Dennerlein, Katrin; Wolff, Christian. - : Schloss Dagstuhl — Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2021
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30
Language representations for computational argumentation
Lauscher, Anne. - 2021
Abstract: Argumentation is an essential feature and, arguably, one of the most exciting phenomena of natural language use. Accordingly, it has fascinated scholars and researchers in various fields, such as linguistics and philosophy, for long. Its computational analysis, falling under the notion of computational argumentation, is useful in a variety of domains of text for a range of applications. For instance, it can help to understand users’ stances in online discussion forums towards certain controversies, to provide targeted feedback to users for argumentative writing support, and to automatically summarize scientific publications. As in all natural language processing pipelines, the text we would like to analyze has to be introduced to computational argumentation models in the form of numeric features. Choosing such suitable semantic representations is considered a core challenge in natural language processing. In this context, research employing static and contextualized pretrained text embedding models has recently shown to reach state-of-the-art performances for a range of natural language processing tasks. However, previous work has noted the specific difficulty of computational argumentation scenarios with language representations as one of the main bottlenecks and called for targeted research on the intersection of the two fields. Still, the efforts focusing on the interplay between computational argumentation and representation learning have been few and far apart. This is despite (a) the fast-growing body of work in both computational argumentation and representation learning in general and (b) the fact that some of the open challenges are well known in the natural language processing community. In this thesis, we address this research gap and acknowledge the specific importance of research on the intersection of representation learning and computational argumentation. To this end, we (1) identify a series of challenges driven by inherent characteristics of argumentation in natural language and (2) present new analyses, corpora, and methods to address and mitigate each of the identified issues. Concretely, we focus on five main challenges pertaining to the current state-of-the-art in computational argumentation: (C1) External knowledge: static and contextualized language representations encode distributional knowledge only. We propose two approaches to complement this knowledge with knowledge from external resources. First, we inject lexico-semantic knowledge through an additional prediction objective in the pretraining stage. In a second study, we demonstrate how to inject conceptual knowledge post hoc employing the adapter framework. We show the effectiveness of these approaches on general natural language understanding and argumentative reasoning tasks. (C2) Domain knowledge: pretrained language representations are typically trained on big and general-domain corpora. We study the trade-off between employing such large and general-domain corpora versus smaller and domain-specific corpora for training static word embeddings which we evaluate in the analysis of scientific arguments. (C3) Complementarity of knowledge across tasks: many computational argumentation tasks are interrelated but are typically studied in isolation. In two case studies, we show the effectiveness of sharing knowledge across tasks. First, based on a corpus of scientific texts, which we extend with a new annotation layer reflecting fine-grained argumentative structures, we show that coupling the argumentative analysis with other rhetorical analysis tasks leads to performance improvements for the higher-level tasks. In the second case study, we focus on assessing the argumentative quality of texts. To this end, we present a new multi-domain corpus annotated with ratings reflecting different dimensions of argument quality. We then demonstrate the effectiveness of sharing knowledge across the different quality dimensions in multi-task learning setups. (C4) Multilinguality: argumentation arguably exists in all cultures and languages around the globe. To foster inclusive computational argumentation technologies, we dissect the current state-of-the-art in zero-shot cross-lingual transfer. We show big drops in performance when it comes to resource-lean and typologically distant target languages. Based on this finding, we analyze the reasons for these losses and propose to move to inexpensive few-shot target-language transfer, leading to consistent performance improvements in higher-level semantic tasks, e.g., argumentative reasoning. (C5) Ethical considerations: envisioned computational argumentation applications, e.g., systems for self-determined opinion formation, are highly sensitive. We first discuss which ethical aspects should be considered when representing natural language for computational argumentation tasks. Focusing on the issue of unfair stereotypical bias, we then conduct a multi-dimensional analysis of the amount of bias in monolingual and cross-lingual embedding spaces. In the next step, we devise a general framework for implicit and explicit bias evaluation and debiasing. Employing intrinsic bias measures and benchmarks reflecting the semantic quality of the embeddings, we demonstrate the effectiveness of new debiasing methods, which we propose. Finally, we complement this analysis by testing the original as well as the debiased language representations for stereotypically unfair bias in argumentative inferences. We hope that our contributions in language representations for computational argumentation fuel more research on the intersection of the two fields and contribute to fair, efficient, and effective natural language processing technologies.
Keyword: 004 Informatik
URL: https://madoc.bib.uni-mannheim.de/60201
https://madoc.bib.uni-mannheim.de/60201/
https://madoc.bib.uni-mannheim.de/60201/1/dissertation_lauscher.pdf
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31
Is supervised syntactic parsing beneficial for language understanding tasks? An empirical investigation
Glavaš, Goran; Vulić, Ivan. - : Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021
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32
Evaluating multilingual text encoders for unsupervised cross-lingual retrieval
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33
Come hither or go away? Recognising pre-electoral coalition signals in the news
Rehbein, Ines; Ponzetto, Simone Paolo; Adendorf, Anna. - : Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021
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34
FANG-COVID: A new large-scale benchmark dataset for fake news detection in German
Mattern, Justus; Qiao, Yu; Kerz, Elma. - : Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL), 2021
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35
Training and domain adaptation for supervised text segmentation
Glavaš, Goran; Ganesh, Ananya; Somasundaran, Swapna. - : Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021
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36
Matching with transformers in MELT
Hertling, Sven; Portisch, Jan; Paulheim, Heiko. - : RWTH Aachen, 2021
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37
Accessible digital documentary heritage : guidelines for the preparation of documentary heritage in accessible formats for persons with disabilities ...
Darvishy, Alireza; Manning, Juliet. - : UNESCO, 2020
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38
Konzepte und Guidelines für Applikationen in Cinematic Virtual Reality
Rothe, Sylvia. - : Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2020
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39
Optimised preprocessing for automatic mouth gesture classification ...
Brumm, Maren; Grigat, Rolf-Rainer. - : European Language Resources Association (ELRA), 2020
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40
New perspectives on digitalization: Local issues and global impact ...
Unkn Unknown. - : Universitätsbibliothek Siegen, 2020
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