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The Role of Implicated Meaning in George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four: Language, Thought & Power
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In: The English Languages: History, Diaspora, Culture; Vol. 7 (2021); 22-39 ; 1929-5855 (2021)
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VERBAL HUMOUR CREATED BY NON-OBSERVANCE OF COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLE IN MIRANDA
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In: Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 80-89 (2021) (2021)
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Human-AI interactions through a Gricean lens
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In: Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America; Vol 6, No 1 (2021): Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America; 288–302 ; 2473-8689 (2021)
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Abstract:
Grice’s Cooperative Principle (1975), which describes the implicit maxims that guide effective conversation, has long been applied to conversations between humans. However, as humans begin to interact with non-human dialogue systems more frequently and in a broader scope, an important question emerges: what principles govern those interactions? In the present study, this question is addressed, as human-AI interactions are categorized using Grice’s four maxims. In doing so, it demonstrates the advantages and shortcomings of such an approach, ultimately demonstrating that humans do, indeed, apply these maxims to interactions with AI, even making explicit references to the AI’s performance through a Gricean lens. Twenty-three participants interacted with an American English-speaking Alexa and rated and discussed their experience with an in-lab researcher. Researchers then reviewed each exchange, identifying those that might relate to Grice’s maxims: Quantity, Quality, Manner, and Relevance. Many instances of explicit user frustration stemmed from violations of Grice’s maxims. Quantity violations were noted for too little but not too much information, while Quality violations were rare, indicating high trust in Alexa’s responses. Manner violations focused on speed and humanness. Relevance violations were the most frequent of all violations, and they appear to be the most frustrating. While the maxims help describe many of the issues participants encountered with Alexa’s responses, other issues do not fit neatly into Grice’s framework. For example, participants were particularly averse to Alexa initiating exchanges or making unsolicited suggestions. To address this gap, we propose the addition of human Priority to describe human-AI interaction. Humans and AIs are not (yet?) conversational equals, and human initiative takes priority. Moreover, we find that Relevance is of particular importance in human-AI interactions and suggest that the application of Grice’s Cooperative Principles to human-AI interactions is beneficial both from an AI development perspective as well as a tool for describing an emerging form of interaction.
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Keyword:
Alexa; artificial intelligence; Cooperative Principle; Discourse; Pragmatics; voice assistant
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URL: https://doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v6i1.4971
http://journals.linguisticsociety.org/proceedings/index.php/PLSA/article/view/4971
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КОММУНИКАТИВНЫЕ СТРАТЕГИИ ВЫРАЖЕНИЯ КРИТИКИ И НЕОДОБРЕНИЯ В СВЕТЕ ТЕОРИИ НЕВЕЖЛИВОСТИ ...
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КОММУНИКАТИВНЫЕ СТРАТЕГИИ ВЫРАЖЕНИЯ КРИТИКИ И НЕОДОБРЕНИЯ В СВЕТЕ ТЕОРИИ НЕВЕЖЛИВОСТИ ...
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| 6 |
Cooperative Principles in the 2019 Indonesian Presidential Debate: Grice's Maxims Analysis
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In: Applied Linguistics Research Journal, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 14-22 (2020) (2020)
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| 7 |
Conversational Maxims and Implicature in Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel and Zulu Sofola's Wedlock of the gods
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In: Applied Linguistics Research Journal, Vol 4, Iss 5, Pp 105-120 (2020) (2020)
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| 8 |
Нарушение максим коммуникации П. Грайса как стратегия эффективного лекционного дискурса ... : Flouting P. Grice’s communication maxims as a strategy of efficient lecture discourse ...
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| 9 |
Means of implicit information implementation in news headlines ; Засоби втілення імпліцитної інформації в новинних заголовках
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In: NaUKMA Research Papers. Linguistics; Том 2 (2019): NaUKMA Research Papers. Linguistics; 36-43 ; Наукові записки НаУКМА. Мовознавство; Том 2 (2019): НАУКОВІ ЗАПИСКИ НАУКМА. МОВОЗНАВСТВО; 36-43 ; 2617-2615 ; 2616-8502 (2019)
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| 10 |
DYSFUNCTIONAL SEMANTIC ROLE OF LANGUAGE IN LITERARY TEXTS: A CASE STUDY ON HAROLD PINTER’S MOUNTAIN LANGUAGE
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In: Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching, Vol 3, Iss 2, Pp 127-138 (2019) (2019)
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| 11 |
Analysis of the Humors in Yue Yunpeng’s Cross Talks: Based on Cooperative Principles
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In: Cross-Cultural Communication; Vol 15, No 2 (2019): Cross-Cultural Communication; 29-34 ; 1923-6700 ; 1712-8358 (2019)
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| 12 |
Sens implicite, implicatures et principes d’inférence
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In: Corela (2018) (2018)
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| 13 |
Analysis of Discourses in Jane Eyre From the Perspective of Pragmatics
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In: Studies in Literature and Language; Vol 16, No 2 (2018): Studies in Literature and Language; 30-36 ; 1923-1563 ; 1923-1555 (2018)
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| 14 |
How Do You Comprehend Tahilalats Comic?
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In: PAROLE: Journal of Linguistics and Education; Volume 7 Number 1 April 2017; 35-43 ; 23380683 ; 2087-345X (2018)
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| 15 |
“A Show about Language”: A Linguistic Investigation of the Creation of Humor in Seinfeld
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In: Undergraduate Honors Theses (2017)
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| 16 |
Exploiting the CIPRS Model to Analyse Request Performance Used by Second Language Speakers in an Intercultural Setting
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In: Cross-Cultural Communication; Vol 12, No 6 (2016): Cross-Cultural Communication; 47-53 ; 1923-6700 ; 1712-8358 (2016)
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| 17 |
ON SOME PRAGMATIC AND COGNITIVE THEORIES APPLICABLE TO LITERARY DISCOURSE
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BEDNÁROVÁ-GIBOVÁ KLAUDIA. - : Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования «Российский университет дружбы народов», 2015
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| 18 |
Face, Space, And Anxiety: An Ethnographic Study of the Kansas Historical Society's Social Media Usage
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In: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1428009790 (2015)
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| 19 |
Reproduction of Characters on Translating Fictional Dialogues - A Comparative Study of Two Chinese Versions of Pride and Prejudice
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He, Meihuja. - : The University of Queensland, School of Languages and Cultures, 2015
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| 20 |
#GrammarNazi : the interplay of politeness and language ideologies in internet forums
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