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DeepFry: Identifying Vocal Fry Using Deep Neural Networks ...
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Positional biases in predictive processing of intonation ...
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Individual Differences in the Production and Perception of Prosodic Boundaries in American English
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The Interaction of Phonology and Morphology in Seri
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In: North East Linguistics Society (2020)
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| 6 |
A Government-Binding Parser
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In: North East Linguistics Society (2020)
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Paradoxical Strength Conditions in Harmony Systems
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In: North East Linguistics Society (2020)
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| 8 |
Data for: Sound, structure and meaning: The bases of prominence ratings in English, French and Spanish ...
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| 9 |
Data for: Sound, structure and meaning: The bases of prominence ratings in English, French and Spanish ...
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| 10 |
The phonological and phonetic encoding of information status in American English nuclear accents
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Nuclear vs. prenuclear accents and the encoding of information status. Poster Presentation
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| 13 |
Information structure, affect, and prenuclear prominence in American English
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| 14 |
The mediating effect of information status on acoustic cues to prominence. Oral presentation
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| 15 |
Probabilistic relationship between pitch accents and information status in public speech
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| 16 |
Acoustic cues for the perception of the information status of words in speech
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Abstract:
In English, speakers highlight new or semantically focused information by prosodic enhancement–greater pitch, greater duration, and greater intensity–as compared to words that are already given in, or inferable from the prior discourse context. If speakers signal discourse meaning in their speech, then listeners may use that information in comprehending utterance meaning. This dissertation includes four studies that investigate the perception of four different categories of discourse meaning (i.e., meaning related to information structure for a noun in subject position: broad focus, contrastive focus, narrow focus, and discourse-given). In the first experiment, the perception of the subject noun’s information structure in terms of these categories was examined in the absence of any explicit discourse context. Participants were randomly assigned to an experiment testing one pair of information structure categories, for a total of six experiments covering all possible pairings of the four information structure categories. Participants heard recorded sentences in one of two conditions that differed in the information structure of the subject noun. The results show that response accuracy varied greatly depending on the pair of information structure categories that was tested, suggesting that meaning related to information structure is not evoked from acoustic cues alone. In the second experiment, naturally produced utterances were resynthesized in pitch, duration, and intensity to examine the individual contribution of each acoustic cue to the perception of two information structure categories: broad focus and contrastive focus–one of the pairs that was well distinguished in the first experiment. Pitch was found to be the key feature that when changed, led to changes in the perception of information structure. In experiments three and four, the perception of all four information structure categories of the subject noun was again examined, now with an explicit discourse context presented to participants. Participants were again randomly assigned to experiments testing two of the four discourse categories, and were presented with a series of two question-answer mini-dialogues. The two mini-dialogues differed in whether the question was explicitly about the subject noun (Who broke the record?) or was about the sentence as a whole (What happened?). On each trial, one question-answer pair was congruent in that the accentuation of the subject noun in the answer was appropriate for the question that preceded it, while the other question-answer pair was prosodically incongruent, i.e., the accentuation of the subject noun was not appropriate for the preceding question. In these experiments, accent contrasts were naturally produced and involved all acoustic prosodic dimensions: pitch, duration, and intensity. The participants’ task was to choose the mini-dialogue that was prosodically congruent. Similar to the results of experiment 1, accuracy depended on the pair of information structure conditions that were tested in the experiment, providing more evidence that listeners do not perceive specific discourse meaning solely on the basis of prosodic cues. The four studies here show that while there may be acoustic cues that differentiate information structural meaning, the prosodic cues in an utterance are appropriate for a variety of discourse meanings. The results suggest that listeners have biases about the prototypical prosodic cues associated with particular information structural meanings. These findings suggest that listeners do not have strong associations between discrete information status categories and the patterning of acoustic prosodic that they use in comprehending discourse meaning.
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Keyword:
Information Structure; Intonation; Speech Perception; Speech Prosody
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URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/100934
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| 18 |
Individual differences and patterns of convergence in prosody perception
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In: Laboratory Phonology: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Phonology; Vol 8, No 1 (2017); 22 ; 1868-6354 (2017)
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| 19 |
Accounting for context and variability in a prominence-based model of discourse meaning. Oral presentation
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| 20 |
Contrast preservation and constraints on individual phonetic variation
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