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The Principle of Least Effort and Comprehension of Spoken Sentences by Younger and Older Adults
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In: Front Psychol (2021)
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Anticipatory Baseline Pupil Diameter Is Sensitive to Differences in Hearing Thresholds
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The Two Sides of Linguistic Context: Eye-Tracking as a Measure of Semantic Competition in Spoken Word Recognition Among Younger and Older Adults
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Differences in Working Memory Capacity Affect Online Spoken Word Recognition: Evidence From Eye Movements ...
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Differences in Working Memory Capacity Affect Online Spoken Word Recognition: Evidence From Eye Movements ...
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Differences in Working Memory Capacity Affect Online Spoken Word Recognition: Evidence From Eye Movements
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A Tipping Point in Listening Effort: Effects of Linguistic Complexity and Age-Related Hearing Loss on Sentence Comprehension
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Abstract:
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the relationship between effort and performance. Early formulations implied that, as the challenge of a task increases, individuals will exert more effort, with resultant maintenance of stable performance. We report an experiment in which normal-hearing young adults, normal-hearing older adults, and older adults with age-related mild-to-moderate hearing loss were tested for comprehension of recorded sentences that varied the comprehension challenge in two ways. First, sentences were constructed that expressed their meaning either with a simpler subject-relative syntactic structure or a more computationally demanding object-relative structure. Second, for each sentence type, an adjectival phrase was inserted that created either a short or long gap in the sentence between the agent performing an action and the action being performed. The measurement of pupil dilation as an index of processing effort showed effort to increase with task difficulty until a difficulty tipping point was reached. Beyond this point, the measurement of pupil size revealed a commitment of effort by the two groups of older adults who failed to keep pace with task demands as evidenced by reduced comprehension accuracy. We take these pupillometry data as revealing a complex relationship between task difficulty, effort, and performance that might not otherwise appear from task performance alone.
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Keyword:
Pupillometry in Hearing Science: Original Article
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URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6154259/ https://doi.org/10.1177/2331216518790907 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30235973
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The possible role of brain rhythms in perceiving fast speech: Evidence from adult aging
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Linguistic Context Versus Semantic Competition in Word Recognition by Younger and Older Adults with Cochlear Implants
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Working Memory Load Affects Processing Time in Spoken Word Recognition: Evidence from Eye-Movements
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The Two Sides of Sensory–Cognitive Interactions: Effects of Age, Hearing Acuity, and Working Memory Span on Sentence Comprehension
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Multiple Solutions to the Same Problem: Utilization of Plausibility and Syntax in Sentence Comprehension by Older Adults with Impaired Hearing
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A right-ear bias of auditory selective attention is evident in alpha oscillations
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Effects of linguistic context and response entropy in older adult cochlear implant recipients: A preliminary study ...
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A Qualitative Shift in Comprehension Strategies Revealed Under the Triple Challenge of Age, Reduced Hearing Acuity, and Complex Linguistic Input* *also invited talk ...
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Acoustic richness modulates the neural networks supporting intelligible speech processing
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Cognitive aging and hearing acuity: modeling spoken language comprehension
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