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Predicting language outcomes for children learning AAC: Child and environmental factors
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| 22 |
Maternal Responsivity Predicts Language Development in Young Children With Fragile X Syndrome
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| 23 |
Support for AAC Use in Preschool, and Growth in Language Skills, for Young Children with Developmental Disabilities
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Introduction to Prelinguistic and Minimally Verbal Communicators on the Autism Spectrum
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| 26 |
Investigating a Multimodal Intervention for Children with Limited Expressive Vocabularies Associated with Autism
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THE USE OF SENTENCE STRUCTURE AND PRAGMATIC CUES IN NOVEL VERB LEARNING: A CROSS-LINGUISTIC STUDY OF MANDARIN CHINESE AND ENGLISH
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| 28 |
Effects of Neighborhood Density and Noise on Children's Word Learning
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| 29 |
A Look at Employment for Adults Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication
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| 30 |
Support for AAC Use in Preschool, and Growth in Language Skills, for Young Children with Developmental Disabilities
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| 31 |
Towards Text-based Augmentative Communication in Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities and Difficult-to-Understand Speech
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| 32 |
Directive Language Input to Children Born Preterm and Full Term
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| 34 |
Reading Instruction for Children who use AAC: Considerations in the Pursuit of Generalizable Results
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| 35 |
Children's Responses to Grammatically Complete and Incomplete Prompts to Imitate
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| 36 |
The Effects of Vestibular Stimulation Rate and Magnitude of Acceleration on Central Pattern Generation for Chest-Wall Kinematics in Preterm Infants.
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| 37 |
PERIORAL BIOMECHANICS, KINEMATICS, AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY IN PARKINSON'S DISEASE
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Abstract:
This investigation quantitatively characterized the orofacial biomechanics, labial kinematics, and associated electromyography (EMG) patterns in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) as a function of anti-PD medication state. Passive perioral stiffness, a clinical correlate of rigidity, was sampled using a face-referenced OroSTIFF system in 10 mildly diagnosed PD and 10 age/sex-matched control elderly. Labial movement amplitudes and velocities were evaluated using a 4-dimensional computerized motion capture system. Associated perioral EMG patterns were sampled to examine the characteristics of perioral muscles and compensatory muscular activation patterns during repetitive syllable productions. This study identified several trends that reflect various characteristics of perioral system differences between PD and control subjects: 1. The presence of high tonic EMG patterns after administration of dopaminergic treatment indicated an up-regulation of the central mechanism, which may serve to regulate orofacial postural control. 2. Multilevel regression modeling showed greater perioral stiffness in PD subjects, confirming the clinical correlate of rigidity in these patients. 3. Similar to the clinical symptoms in the upper and lower limb, a reduction of range of motion (hypokinesia) and velocity (bradykinesia) was evident in the PD orofacial system. Administration of dopaminergic treatment improved hypokinesia and bradykinesia. 4. A significant correlation was found between perioral stiffness and the range of labial movement, indicating these two symptoms may result in part from a common neural substrate. 5. As speech rate increased, PD speakers down-scaled movement amplitude and velocity compared to the control subjects, reflecting a compensatory mechanism to maintain target speech rates. 6. EMG from orbicularis oris inferior (OOIm) and depressor labii inferioris (DLIm) muscles revealed a limited range of muscle activation level in PD speakers, reflecting the underlying changes in motor unit firing behavior due to basal ganglia dysfunction. The results of this investigation provided a quantitative description of the perioral stiffness, labial kinematics, and EMG patterns in PD speakers. These findings indicate that perioral stiffness may provide clinicians a quantitative biomechanical correlate to medication response, movement aberrations, and EMG compensatory patterns in PD. The utilization of these objective assessments will be helpful in diagnosing, assessing, and monitoring the progression of PD to examine the efficacy of pharmacological, neurosurgical, and behavioral interventions.
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Keyword:
Biomechanics; Electrophysiology; Labial kinematics; Parkinson's disease; Perioral biomechanics; Speech; Speech therapy
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URL: http://dissertations.umi.com/ku:11211
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/7724
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| 39 |
Phonological development in toddlers with Down syndrome and mixed-etiology developmental delays
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