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The Right Time and Pace: a Microanalysis of Cross-Cultural Gatekeeping Interviews (Discourse, Native, Rapport, Non-Native, Speaker).
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Abstract:
This study examines gatekeeping interviews at a micro level of analysis in order to discover specific discourse strategies which operate in the turn-taking and rapport systems of face-to-face interaction in two types of discourse: native speaker-native speaker (NS-NS) and native speaker-nonnative speaker (NS-NNS). The subjects are two Foreign Student Advisors based at the University of Michigan, seven native speakers from Canada and Great Britain, and nine nonnative speakers from Taiwan. It was established that NS-NNS discourse is governed by tempo as is NS-NS discourse. As previous researchers have found, the consequence of missed or inappropriate listener responses was often a hyperexplanation or an uncomfortable moment thus affecting the rapport system. Hyperexplanations are explanations of a minor illustrative point and they are marked by an accelerated tempo. This accelerated tempo slows quickly to the original one. Uncomfortable moments were marked by postural changes by most NS's. NS's usually moved to repair these moments immediately and explicitly with a metastatement. NNS's, on the other h and , either delayed their clarification or did not make one. Rapport-building strategies were of two types: (1) rapport-building and (2) rapport-maintaining. Rapport-building strategies included telling stories and asking students to create their own scenarios for future dealings with the Immigration and Naturalization Service. Advisors used these only with NS's. Rapport-maintaining strategies mitigated bad news and corrections. They included immediately clarifying the information using a metastatement and using implicit clarifications when the point was a minor one. These were used with both NS's and NNS's. The results were discussed in terms of their contribution to work in discourse analysis and conversational analysis, rapport systems, second language acquisition studies on foreigner talk, and work on non-verbal behavior. ; Ph.D. ; Linguistics ; University of Michigan ; http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/161089/1/8621279.pdf
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Keyword:
Humanities
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URL: https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/161089
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