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Jean-Martin Charcot’s role in the 19th century study of music aphasia
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Written language production disorders: historical and recent perspectives
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Examining language functions: a reassessment of Bastian's contribution to aphasia assessment
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Speaking for yourself: the medico-legal aspects of aphasia in nineteenth-century Britain
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The modern beginnings of research into developmental language disorders
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The 'idioglossia' cases of the 1890s and the clinical investigation and treatment of developmental language impairment
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Re-examining Paul Broca’s initial presentation of M. Leborgne: understanding the impetus for brain and language research
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Commemorating the 3rd epoch of Aphasia research: 50 years since the founding of the Academy of Aphasia
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"Fools at musick": Thomas Willis (1621-1675) on congenital amusia
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Darwin’s contribution to the study of child development and language acquisition
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The emergence of the age variable in 19th-century neurology: considerations of recovery patterns in acquired childhood aphasia
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Multiple languages, memory, and regression: an examination of Ribot's Law
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Abstract:
Background: In his major work on diseases of memory, Théodule Ribot (1881) offered an explanation of the selective recovery patterns observed in some bilingual aphasic patients. His theory has been cited continuously in the aphasia literature over the past 125 years as one explanation for the relative sparing of an aphasic person's first language. Aims: This paper examines the history of ideas regarding language and memory with respect to understanding bilingual aphasia. Main Contribution: A significant distinction drawn by Ribot between disorders in monolingual and multilingual speakers appears to have been lost. Monolingual aphasic cases were discussed by Ribot under the classification of “partial amnesia”. In contrast, impairments in language with respect to those who had learned multiple languages were classified as “exaltations of memory”, or “hypermnesias”. Examination of Ribot's writings reveals a conceptual approach to memory, learning, and ageing that is distinct from that assumed today. This paper will critically examine these ideas and analyse the sources of Ribot's conceptualisation by placing his work in its historical context, and tracing the antecedents of his theories through the authors he cited. Conclusions: This review of the writings of Ribot, and those of his predecessors, highlights the fact that conceptual distinctions held in the nineteenth century led to research questions that were conceived of in a wholly different light from the present day. It throws into relief the strong distinctions currently assumed to exist between learning languages and learning other information, between first language acquisition and adult second language learning, and between lexical and syntactic knowledge. This investigation into the history of ideas suggests ways to further develop our current approach to account for the multitude of patterns observed in bilingual aphasia.
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Keyword:
Applied Linguistics and Communication (to 2020)
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URL: https://eprints.bbk.ac.uk/id/eprint/5320/1/5320.pdf https://doi.org/10.1080/02687030801931182 https://eprints.bbk.ac.uk/id/eprint/5320/
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Research in applied linguistics at Birkbeck, university of London
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