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All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year Sort by creator [A → Z]' creator [Z → A]' publishing year ↑ (asc)' publishing year ↓ (desc)' title [A → Z]' title [Z → A]' Simple Search Hits 1 – 15 of 15 1 Novelty and imitation within the brain: a Darwinian neurodynamic approach to combinatorial problems Czégel, Dániel; Giaffar, Hamza; Csillag, Márton... In: Sci Rep (2021) BASE Show details 2 What can ecosystems learn? Expanding evolutionary ecology with learning theory Power, Daniel A.; Watson, Richard A.; Szathmáry, Eörs; Mills, Rob; Powers, Simon T.; Doncaster, C. Patrick; Czapp, Blazej. - 2015 Abstract: Background: The structure and organisation of ecological interactions within an ecosystem is modified by the evolution and coevolution of the individual species it contains. Understanding how historical conditions have shaped this architecture is vital for understanding system responses to change at scales from the microbial upwards. However, in the absence of a group selection process, the collective behaviours and ecosystem functions exhibited by the whole community cannot be organised or adapted in a Darwinian sense. A long-standing open question thus persists: Are there alternative organising principles that enable us to understand and predict how the coevolution of the component species creates and maintains complex collective behaviours exhibited by the ecosystem as a whole? Results: Here we answer this question by incorporating principles from connectionist learning, a previously unrelated discipline already using well-developed theories on how emergent behaviours arise in simple networks. Specifically, we show conditions where natural selection on ecological interactions is functionally equivalent to a simple type of connectionist learning, ‘unsupervised learning’, well-known in neural-network models of cognitive systems to produce many non-trivial collective behaviours. Accordingly, we find that a community can self-organise in a well-defined and non-trivial sense without selection at the community level; its organisation can be conditioned by past experience in the same sense as connectionist learning models habituate to stimuli. This conditioning drives the community to form a distributed ecological memory of multiple past states, causing the community to: a) converge to these states from any random initial composition; b) accurately restore historical compositions from small fragments; c) recover a state composition following disturbance; and d) to correctly classify ambiguous initial compositions according to their similarity to learned compositions. We examine how the formation of alternative stable states alters the community’s response to changing environmental forcing, and we identify conditions under which the ecosystem exhibits hysteresis with potential for catastrophic regime shifts. Conclusions: This work highlights the potential of connectionist theory to expand our understanding of evo-eco dynamics and collective ecological behaviours. Within this framework we find that, despite not being a Darwinian unit, ecological communities can behave like connectionist learning systems, creating internal conditions that habituate to past environmental conditions and actively recalling those conditions. Theoretical ecology, Community assembly, Network structures, Ecological memory, Associative learning, Regime shifts, Community matrix *Correspondence: URL: https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/391398/1/Power%2520et%2520al%25202015%2520Biology%2520Direct%2520%257E%2520What%2520can%2520ecosystems%2520learn.pdf https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/391398/ BASE Hide details 3 Biological foundations and origin of syntax Bickerton, Derek; Szathmáry, Eörs. - Cambridge, MA : MIT Press, 2009 MPI-SHH Linguistik Show details 4 What are the possible biological and genetic foundations for syntactic phenomena? Számadó, Szabolcs; Hurford, James R.; Bishop, Dorothy V.M.... In: Biological foundations and origin of syntax (Cambridge, Mass., 2009), p. 207-238 MPI für Psycholinguistik Show details 5 The biological background of syntax evolution Fedor, Anna; Ittzés, Péter; Szathmary, Eörs In: Biological foundations and origin of syntax (Cambridge, Mass., 2009), p. 15-40 MPI für Psycholinguistik Show details 6 Biological foundations and origin of syntax Bickerton, Derek; Szathmary, Eörs. - Cambridge, Mass. : MIT Press, 2009 MPI für Psycholinguistik Show details 7 Language: a social history of words : language evolved as part of a uniquely human group of traits, the interdependence of which calls for an integrated approach to the study of brain function Szathmáry, Eörs; Számadó, Szabolcs In: Nature. - London : Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature 456 (2008) 7218, 40-41 BLLDB Show details 8 In silico detection of tRNA sequence features characteristic to aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase class membership Jakó, Éena; Ittzés, Péter; Szenes, Áron. - : Oxford University Press, 2007 BASE Show details 9 The origin of the human language faculty: the language amoeba hypothesis Szathmáry, Eörs. - 2006 BASE Show details 10 Language Evolution Számadó, Szabolcs; Szathmáry, Eörs. - : Public Library of Science, 2004 BASE Show details 11 New essays on the origin of language Hurford, James R. (Mitarb.); Jablonka, Eva (Mitarb.); Dor, Daniel (Mitarb.). - Berlin [u.a.] : Mouton de Gruyter, 2001 BLLDB UB Frankfurt Linguistik Show details 12 The origins of life : from the birth of life to the origin of language Szathmáry, Eörs; Maynard Smith, John. - Oxford : Oxford Univ. Press, 1999 BLLDB UB Frankfurt Linguistik Show details 13 The major transitions in evolution Smith, John M.; Szathmary, Eörs. - Oxford [etc.] : Oxford University Press, 1997 MPI für Psycholinguistik Show details 14 Origins of language Meschonnic, Henri (Mitarb.); Rechav, Geva (Mitarb.); Jablonka, Eva (Mitarb.). - Budapest : Inst. for Advanced Studies, 1996 BLLDB UB Frankfurt Linguistik Show details 15 The evolutionary dynamics of language Steels, Luc; Szathmáry, Eörs. - : Elsevier BASE Show details

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