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Subtle Increments in Socioeconomic Status and Bilingualism Jointly Affect Children’s Verbal and Nonverbal Performance ...
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Subtle Increments in Socioeconomic Status and Bilingualism Jointly Affect Children’s Verbal and Nonverbal Performance ...
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Does Language Context Impact the Neural Correlates of Executive Control in Monolingual and Multilingual Young Adults?
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In: Brain Lang (2021)
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Bilingualism as a Slice of Swiss Cheese
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In: Front Psychol (2021)
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Poorer Clinical Outcomes for Older Adult Monolinguals when Matched to Bilinguals on Brain Health
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In: Brain Struct Funct (2021)
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Abstract:
Previous studies have reported bilingualism to be a proxy of cognitive reserve (CR) based on evidence that bilinguals express dementia symptoms ~4 years later than monolinguals yet present with greater neuropathology at time of diagnosis when clinical levels are similar. The current study provides new evidence supporting bilingualism’s contribution to CR using a novel brain health matching paradigm. Forty cognitively normal bilinguals with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images recruited from the community were matched with monolinguals drawn from a pool of 165 individuals in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. White matter integrity was determined for all participants using fractional anisotropy, axial diffusivity, and radial diffusivity scores. Propensity scores were obtained using white matter measures, sex, age, and education as predictive covariates, and then used in one-to-one matching between language groups, creating a matched sample of 32 participants per group. Matched monolinguals had poorer clinical diagnoses than that predicted by chance from a theoretical null distribution, and poorer cognitive performances than matched bilinguals as measured by scores on the MMSE. The findings provide support for the interpretation that bilingualism acts as a proxy of CR such that monolinguals have poorer clinical and cognitive outcomes than bilinguals for similar levels of white matter integrity even before clinical symptoms appear.
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URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7914196/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33432426 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-020-02185-5
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Continuous effects of bilingualism and attention on Flanker task performance
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In: Biling (Camb Engl) (2020)
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Conversion of Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer’s Disease in Monolingual and Bilingual Patients
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In: Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord (2020)
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Examining the Time Course of Attention in Monolinguals and Bilinguals
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Redefining bilingualism as a spectrum of experiences that differentially affects brain structure and function
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The Impact of Bilingual Environments on Selective Attention in Infancy
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In: Dev Sci (2019)
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A Closer Look at the Effect of Bilingualism on Working Memory
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Sentence Comprehension in Monolingual and Bilingual Children
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The Language and Social Background Questionnaire: Assessing Degree of Bilingualism in a Diverse Population. Supplementary Materials ...
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The Language and Social Background Questionnaire: Assessing Degree of Bilingualism in a Diverse Population. Supplementary Materials ...
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Cultural Context as a Biasing Factor for Language Activation in Bilinguals
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Working Memory With Emotional Distraction in Monolingual and Bilingual Children
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The Language and Social Background Questionnaire: Assessing Degree of Bilingualism in a Diverse Population
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Language and Cognitive Control Networks in Bilinguals and Monolinguals
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