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CoViDisgust: Language Comprehension at the Intersection of a Global Pandemic and Individual Disgust Sensitivity
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In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, vol 43, iss 43 (2021)
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What’s in a role? The effects of personality and political differences on gender stereotype processing
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In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, vol 43, iss 43 (2021)
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Oh, the Irony!: Interpersonal Variation in the Processing of Foreign-Accented and Native Irony
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In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, vol 43, iss 43 (2021)
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CoViDisgust: Language Comprehension at the Intersection of a Global Pandemic and Individual Disgust Sensitivity ...
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Listener’s personality traits predict changes in pupil size during auditory language comprehension
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In: Sci Rep (2021)
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The Influence of Focus Marking on Pronoun Resolution in Dialogue Context
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In: Front Psychol (2021)
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The Influence of Focus Marking on Pronoun Resolution in Dialogue Context
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Homophony and Phonological Contrasts in Novel Word Learning: A Visual World Eye-Tracking Study with Adult Native and Non-Native Speakers
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Bao, Wenfu. - : University of Alberta. Department of Linguistics., 2020
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Implicit Causality, Pronominal Form and Anaphora Resolution in Spanish
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Abstract:
Degree: Master of Science ; Abstract: This thesis investigated the effects of implicit causality and pronominal form, i.e., null and overt pronouns, in Spanish anaphora resolution. A visual world eye-tracking experiment and a self-paced listening task were used with adult monolingual speakers of Mexican Spanish to assess two research questions: 1) whether implicit causality affects the resolution of pronominal subjects in Spanish, and 2) whether this effect was modulated by pronominal form. Implicit causality (IC) is the semantic bias that attributes the cause of an action to the subject (NP1) or object (NP2) of a sentence (Garvey & Caramazza, 1974). IC has been shown to affect pronoun resolution in various languages, including Spanish (Goikoetxea, Pascual & Acha, 2008). Pronominal form has also been shown to affect pronoun resolution in some pro-drop languages. Carminati (2002) proposed the Position of Antecedent Hypothesis (PAH) for Italian. PAH claims that null pronouns prefer to retrieve their reference from the most prominent antecedent (subject), while overt pronouns tend to be assigned to antecedents in a lower syntactic position (object). Alonso-Ovalle, Fernández-Solera, Frazier and Clifton (2002) tested the PAH in Spanish and they found similar results to Carminati’s. However, Chamorro, Sorace and Surt (2016) and Chamorro (2018) showed that speakers of Iberian Spanish seem to have clear preferences for overt pronouns retrieving objects, but not for null pronouns retrieving subjects. The effects of semantic and syntactic information on pronoun resolution in Spanish have been investigated separately; yet, to our knowledge, the combination and potential competition of the two strategies has not been examined. Accordingly, this thesis investigated the influence of these two sources of information in ambiguous and non-ambiguous sentences in Mexican Spanish. First, the visual world eye- iii tracking experiment showed that ambiguous null pronouns tend to be matched with first- mentioned antecedents, and this effect is stronger with subject-biased verbs. Ambiguous overt pronouns showed preferences in odds with the predictions of IC: with overt pronouns and NP1 verbs, participants’ looks pointed toward the second-mentioned antecedent, while with NP2 verbs they pointed to the first-mentioned. This IC unpredicted pattern could be explained by how sensitive overt pronouns are to less salient entities. Ariel (1990) claimed that the more specific an expression is, the better it is at retrieving a less salient antecedent. Relative to the effect of pronominal form, overt pronouns showed stronger effects than null pronouns. This might be because null subjects lack an auditory stimulus prone to be matched with a visual stimulus, whereas overt pronouns are a phonetic realization that can be more easily matched to a visual cue. Second, the self-paced listening task showed that non-ambiguous null pronouns are sensitive to IC information while overt pronouns not so. We found significant delays in participants’ listening times when the reference of the null subjects was non-congruent with the IC bias. Moreover, overt pronouns did not show significant delays in IC incongruent contexts. Relative to the effect of pronominal form, non-ambiguous overt pronouns did not show processing penalties when they retrieved their antecedent from the subject of the previous sentence. These results indicate that non-ambiguous overt pronouns in Spanish do not have a fixed preference for object antecedents. In addition, the role of the methodologies used was also discussed. We emphasized the importance of considering the differences in the outputs of online and offline methods; while visual world eye-tracking experiments give information about attentional preferences, self-paced listening tasks reveal actual language processing. Therefore, we treated the results of both experiments as complementary instead of assuming that both approaches revealed the same answers to our research questions. iv To recapitulate, this thesis shows that in Mexican Spanish when using a visual world eye-tracking experiment, null pronouns were linked with first-mentioned antecedents, especially with NP1 verbs, and overt pronouns showed preferences in contradiction to the predictions of IC. In the self-paced listening task, null subjects, but not the overt, showed sensitivity to IC. Overall, we showed that the use of null or overt pronouns and their specific features, such as their tendency to retrieve more or less salient antecedents interacts with implicit causality. Furthermore, we support the idea that different pronominal forms are sensitive to different kinds of information on varying degrees.
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Keyword:
Anaphora resolution; Implicit causality; Pronoun resolution; Spanish
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URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/items/727dee6c-4e3e-4fde-8ab6-144c29b7dfee
https://doi.org/10.7939/r3-ssag-4e36
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The effect of phonological-orthographic consistency and phonetic reduction in spoken word recognition: Data ...
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Perception and Production of Yorùbá Tones by Young and Adult native Yorùbá speakers and native speakers of non-tone languages
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The effect of phonological-orthographic consistency and phonetic reduction in spoken word recognition: Data and supplementary material
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It's Personal and Disgusting: Extra-Linguistic Information in Language Comprehension
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Comprehension of Evidentiality in Spoken Turkish: Comparing Monolingual and Bilingual Speakers
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Karaca, Figen. - : University of Alberta. Department of Linguistics., 2018
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Mobile Eye Tracking During Storybook Listening: Applying the Visual World Paradigm in the Investigation of Preschoolers' Online Discourse Processing
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Toth, Abigail. - : University of Alberta. Department of Linguistics., 2018
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Tracking the Common Ground in Dialogues: Cultural and Genre Effects
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Morrow, Keely P. - : University of Alberta. Department of Linguistics., 2017
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Production and perception of vowel harmony: Phonological predictors of ratings and on-line adaptations of Russian vowels in Yakut (Sakha)
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Vasilyeva,Lena. - : University of Alberta. Department of Linguistics., 2017
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Agentivity drives real-time pronoun resolution: Evidence from German er and der
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