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Verbal Learning and Memory After Cochlear Implantation in Postlingually Deaf Adults: Some New Findings with the CVLT-II
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In: PMC (2018)
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Verbal Learning and Memory after Cochlear Implantation in Postlingually Deaf Adults: Some New Findings with the CVLT-II
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Pisoni, David B.; Broadstock, Arthur; Wucinich, Taylor; Safdar, Natalie; Miller, Kelly; Hernandez, Luis R.; Vasil, Kara; Boyce, Lauren; Davies, Alexandra; Harris, Michael S.; Castellanos, Irina; Xu, Huiping; Kronenberger, William G.; Moberly, Aaron C.. - 2018
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Abstract:
OBJECTIVES: Despite the importance of verbal learning and memory in speech and language processing, this domain of cognitive functioning has been virtually ignored in clinical studies of hearing loss and cochlear implants in both adults and children. In this paper, we report the results of two studies that used a newly developed visually based version of the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT-II), a well-known normed neuropsychological measure of verbal learning and memory. DESIGN: The first study established the validity and feasibility of a computer-controlled visual version ofthe CVLT-II, which eliminates the effects of audibility of spoken stimuli, in groups of young normal-hearing and older normal-hearing adults. A second study was then carried out using the visual CVLT-II format with a group of older postlingually deaf experienced cochlear implant (ECI) users (N=25) and a group of older normal hearing (ONH) controls (N=25) who were matched to ECI users for age, socioeconomic status, and non-verbal IQ. In addition to the visual CVLT-II, subjects provided data on demographics, hearing history, non-verbal IQ, reading fluency, vocabulary, and short-term memory span for visually presented digits. ECI participants were also tested for speech recognition in quiet. RESULTS: The ECI and ONH groups did not differ on most measures of verbal learning and memory obtained with the visual CVLT-II, but deficits were identified for ECI participants that were related to recency recall, the build-up of proactive interference (PI) and retrieval induced forgetting. Within the ECI group, nonverbal fluid IQ, reading fluency, and resistance to the build-up of PI from the CVLT-II consistently predicted better speech recognition outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Results from this study suggest that these underlying foundational neurocognitive abilities are related to core speech perception outcomes following implantation in older adults. Implications of these findings for explaining individual differences and variability and predicting speech recognition outcomes following implantation are discussed.
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Article
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URL: https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0000000000000530
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6013309/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29271831
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