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The education word gap emerges by 18 months: findings from an Australian prospective study
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How many words are Australian children hearing in the first year of life?
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Abstract:
Published online: 03 February 2020 ; Background: There is evidence that parents from more socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds engage in fewer verbal interactions with their child than more advantaged parents. This leads to the so-called, ‘30 million word gap’. This study aims to investigate the number of words children hear and the number of vocalizations children produce in their first year of life and examines whether these aspects of the early language home environment differ by maternal education. Methods: Mothers were recruited into a five-year prospective cohort study and categorized into either high or low maternal education groups. Data was derived from the first two waves of the study, when the children were six and twelve months old. At both waves, children were involved in day-long audio recordings using the Language Environment Analysis software that provided automatic counts of adult words spoken to the child, child vocalizations and conversational turns. Descriptive results are presented by maternal education groups. Results: There was large variation within each maternal education group, with the number of adult words spoken to the child ranging from 2958 to 39,583 at six months and 4389 to 45,849 at twelve months. There were no meaningful differences between adult words, child vocalizations or conversational turns across maternal education groups at either wave of data collection. Conclusions: These results show that a word gap related to maternal education is not apparent up to twelve months of age. The large variability among both maternal education groups suggests that universal interventions that encourage all parents to talk more to their child may be more appropriate than interventions targeted towards disadvantaged families during the first year of life. ; Mary E. Brushe, John W. Lynch, Sheena Reilly, Edward Melhuish and Sally A. Brinkman
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Keyword:
early childhood development; Inequality; language; Parent talk
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URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/124598
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-020-1946-0
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Role of maternal age at birth in child development among Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australian children in their first school year: a population-based cohort study
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Nurse-moderated internet-based support for new mothers: non-inferiority, randomized controlled trial
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| 5 |
‘Chinuch Mashlim’—Losses and Displacements at the Contact Zone between English and Hebrew: Transcending Monolingual Boundaries
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An equivalence evaluation of a nurse-moderated group-based internet support program for new mothers versus standard care: a pragmatic preference randomised controlled trial
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Southern Oceanic linguistic history ; Le Pacifique de 5000 à 2000 avant le présent : suppléments à l'histoire d'une colonisation = The Pacific from 5000 to 2000 BP : colonisation and transformations
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An experimental study of $\gamma \gamma \rightarrow hadrons$ at LEP
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In: ISSN: 0370-2693 ; Physics Letters B ; http://hal.in2p3.fr/in2p3-00004532 ; Physics Letters B, Elsevier, 1993, 313, pp.509-519 (1993)
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Search for a non-minimal Higgs boson produced in the reaction e$^+$e$^-$ $\rightarrow$ hZ$^{\star}$
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In: ISSN: 0370-2693 ; Physics Letters B ; http://hal.in2p3.fr/in2p3-00004593 ; Physics Letters B, Elsevier, 1993, 313, pp.312-325 (1993)
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Front matter for: Papers in Linguistics of Melanesia No. 4 ...
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Front matter for: Papers in New Guinea Linguistics No. 21 ...
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