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Characterizing the Motor Deficits in Children with Specific Language Impairment
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Abstract:
The objective of this dissertation was to characterize the motor deficits in children with specific language impairment (SLI). This research was motivated by the hypothesis that the motor deficits provide a window into the underlying cause of SLI, which is currently unknown. The motor abilities of children with and without SLI were explored through a broad range of tasks across three experimental studies. The first study examined childrenâ s gross, fine, oral motor and speech motor skills. The second study investigated childrenâ s motor sequence planning and execution, adaptation and retention abilities. And the last study explored temporal aspects of the manual communicative gesture productions of children with SLI. The results of these studies revealed that children with SLI had significant difficulties with novel balance, fine limb and speech motor skills. At the processing level, children with SLI exhibited impaired fine motor sequence planning and execution, while adaptation and retention appeared to be unaffected. These procedural measures were also significantly correlated with performance on grammar and vocabulary measures. Finally, the temporal relationship between speech and communicative gesture was comparable between children with and without SLI. This profile of motor impairment in SLI and its association with language ability may be best explained by deficits in procedural learning. Future studies should examine whether procedural motor measures can supplement current diagnostic protocols of SLI and whether treatment approaches that target procedural learning capacity are more effective at treating the language, motor and cognitive deficits in SLI. ; Ph.D.
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Keyword:
0460; Developmental disorders; Language development; Motor learning; Procedural memory; School-aged children; Specific language impairment
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URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/76811
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Phonological and Lexical Effects in Verbal Recall by Children with Specific Language Impairments
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Do statistical segmentation abilities predict lexical-phonological and lexical-semantic abilities in children with and without SLI?
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Beyond capacity limitations II: Effects of lexical processes on word recall in verbal working memory tasks in children with and without specific language impairment
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Explaining Lexical Semantic Deficits in Specific Language Impairment: The Role of Phonological Similarity, Phonological Working Memory, and Lexical Competition
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Gesture–speech integration in narrative: Are children less redundant than adults?
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Lexical Representations in Children With SLI: Evidence From a Frequency-Manipulated Gating Task
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